As of March 29, the Council of the Commune forms within it ten commissions:Executive, military, subsistence, finances, justice, general safety, work, industry and exchanges, public services and education. On April 21, the Council decides that a member of the executive committee is delegated to each
Elections are organized on March 26 to designate the 92 members of the Council of the Commune. Given the departures of Parisians before and after the German siege of Paris, and of those who followed Thiers to Versailles (100,000 according to Thiers) abstentions were around 25 percent, a normal numbe
Thiers had ordered the construction of the fortifications which surrounded Paris, when he was minister of Louis-Philippe. He had designed this enclosure to defend the city against enemies, but had also already calculated at the time that, to put an end to popular insurrections, it was enough to lock
The Commune of Paris finds its source in a republican impulse referring to the First Republic and the revolutionary government of the Commune of Paris (1792), as well as to the popular insurrection of June 1848 under the Second Republic and which had been repressed in a bloody way by the government
The first treaty of Tilsit (a small town in East Prussia, now Sovietsk in Russia) was signed in secret on July 7, 1807 by Tsar Alexander I and Emperor Napoleon I. On June 25, 1807, the two rulers met for the first time nearby, on a boat in the middle of the Niemen. Alexander I, having just been de
The First Empire is the regime established in France by Napoleon Bonaparte to replace the Consulate. It began on May 18, 1804 (senatus consultum proclaiming Napoleon Bonaparte “Emperor of the French”) and ended in April 1814 (abdication of Napoleon and departure for the island of Elba). It will be f
After the victories of Bonaparte at Marengo, of Moreau at Hohenlinden, and those of Brune and Murat in Italy (Pô plain and Tuscany), the Austrians separated from the second coalition and signed the Treaty of Lunéville with France on February 9 1801. Naples then signs peace in Florence, and Paul Is R
In France, the coup detat of 18 Brumaire (Year VIII, November 9, 1799) by Napoleon Bonaparte marked the end of the Directory and the French Revolution, and the beginning of the Consulate. Description The coup was formed in the residence of Joséphine de Beauharnais, rue Chantereine in Paris, approxi
taking the flag Originally, the word dragon designates a fighter who can fight either on foot or on horseback. It was Turenne who created the first two regiments, La Ferté and du Roi, in 1668. There were 14 in 1678, 43 in 1690, reduced to 18 in 1789. the sentinel by Messonier The dragoons a
before loading Cuirassiers are heavily equipped horsemen.French cuirassier armor from 1854 Napoleon Bonapartes reform of the 1st Vendémiaire Year XII (September 24, 1803) transformed 80 cavalry regiments, including 12 cuirassiers. In 1807, the regiment went from 4 to 5 squadrons with a strength
rifleman av.1809 In 1804, the uniform of the carabinieri was still that of 1791, with the exception of the fur cap, which was twenty centimeters higher. Their name came from the rifle with which they were always armed. They wore the habit à la française with scarlet and rotating fringed epaulett
Originally a light cavalry corps created in 1458 by Mathias Corvin to fight the Turks, the hussars are of Hungarian origin. They appeared in 1637 in the French army but did not form a distinct weapon in the cavalry until 1776. The 6 regiments of hussars of 1789 (Bercheny, Esterhazy, Lauzun, Saxe, Co
Created by decree of the Convention on July 28, 1793, the eleventh regiment of hussars will take part in the Vendée war, then it campaigns on the Rhine in 93. It will then be on the Bidassoa in 1794, in Germany in 1796 and 1797, in Italy in 1799 and 1800. 11th Hussar 11th Hussar With the re
9th Hussar 9th Hussar The 9th hussar held a garrison at Sourdun. Disbanded in the 1990s and replaced by the 2nd Hussar from Orléans (itself derived from the 8th Chasseurs Regiment). For the History of this last unit, the date of creation is August 1, 1749 under the name of the volunteers of L
Hussar 4th Hussar 4th Hussar The origins of this regiment date back to Fishers bands of hunters (1743) which, after successive transformations into Hussars of Conflans (1789), gave birth to the 4th Rgt of Hussars in 1791. It took part for more than 2 centuries in all the campaigns, under
3rd Hussar 3rd Hussar The direct heir of Esterhazy Houzards, created in 1764 in Phalsbourg by Count Esterhazy, a Hungarian nobleman in the service of France. After having participated in all the campaigns of the revolution, it was the imperial epic that enabled the 3 ° Hussars to write the mo
* 1735:Raising in Strasbourg of the future hussars of Chamborant * 1756-1763:Seven Years War, the regiments colonel is the Marquis de Chamborant, who gives it its name * 1791:Renamed 2nd Hussar Regiment By tradition, the first 4 hussar regiments are named with the old term Houzard, in memory of the
1st Hussar 1st Hussar In 1720, under the reign of Louis XV, an outlawed Hungarian patriot, the Count of Bercheny, raised a regiment of Houzards, which he put in the service of France. After having distinguished itself under the Ancien Régime, the regiment took part in the wars of the Revoluti
The spear has been practically abandoned as a cavalry weapon in the French armies since the beginning of the 18th century. We have to wait for the Empire to reintroduce it. Indeed, when he entered Warsaw in December 1806, Napoleon was surrounded by a guard made up of young Polish nobles. It is they
Hunter on horseback The bulk of the light cavalry is made up of mounted chasseurs who play an important role as army scouts. The army of the nascent Empire had 25 mounted chasseurs regiments in 1804, including one attached to the guard. In September 1806, the Belgian chevaulégers of Arenberg were
During the Seven Years War Frederick the Great of Prussia allowed the formation of free corps (Freikorps) which could fight as light infantry and line infantry. These divisions were made up of volunteers, deserters and every available man. Consequently their quality varied dramatically. But the Somm
The Paleolithic Period orChipped Stone Age It is the first period of Prehistory and, together with the Neolithic, make up the so-called “Stone Age”, since stone was the main raw material used in the making of tools. Note that the term Paleolithic means old stone age while Neolithic means new stone a
Between 1937 and 1945, the Second Sino-Japanese War took place, a conflict between Japanese and Chinese marked by the extreme violence of the Japanese army. The Second Sino-Japanese War occurred between Japan and China, as a result of the imperialist posture of the Japanese. This conflict began in
Despite the fact that Spain declared itself neutral during the Second World War, throughout the campaign it maintained an ambiguous position regarding the conflict, and a policy that changed depending on the winds. An example is the declaration of war on Japan in the last months of the war, a declar