The beginning of Mr. Mori
Mori Oe no Hiromoto who contributed to the establishment of the Shogunate as the first secretary of the Kamakura Shogunate government office as an aide to Minamoto no Yoritomo. Is said to be the ancestor. Of the territories gained by Hiromoto, who left behind this great achievement, the history begins when his son, Suemitsu, named Mori-so in Sagami Province as Mori.
Mori Suemitsu Was active in the Jokyu War and raised his position in the Kamakura Shogunate, and was also engaged in the shogunate as a scholar. However, when his wife's parents' house, Yasumura Miura, and Tokiyori Hojo, the authority, fought, he was defeated by Miura.
Following Mori Suemitsu, his sons Hiromitsu, Mitsumasa, Yasumitsu, and Shio lost the battle with Hojo Tokiyori and committed suicide. The only remaining Mori is Mori Motonari from the family of the fourth son, Tsunemitsu, who was in Echigo. Will be produced.
Mr. Mori Aki
Mori is based in Aki Province on behalf of Mori Tokichi, the child of Tsunemitsu, and when he strengthened his ties with the Hojo Soke, he was Rokuhara Tandai . He was promoted to the next stage and revived Mr. Mori. After experiencing the Rokuhara Tandai, parents became familiar with the situation in the West and moved to Yoshida-so in Aki Province due to the turmoil of the Northern and Southern Dynasties. That was the beginning of Mr. Mori Aki.
Disturbance of sensation for a while In the aftermath of the event, Mori split and fought, but his great-grandson, Motoharu Kikkawa, united the clan and expanded his power to the Yoshida basin, laying the foundation for Mori Aki.
Having written an overview of Mr. Motonari, today I would like to write about Mori Motonari, who emerged during the Warring States period.
Birth of Mori Motonari
Mori Motonari was born in 1497 So, the national lord of Aki, Mori Hiromoto I was born as the second son of. The Kokujin lord had only a town-village-level territory, far from the governor-class guardianship.
Also, as he was his second son, he had no inheritance rights to the Mori clan at this point.
Around this time, Hino Tomiko in the center Abolished the teenage shogun Ashikaga Yoshitane and supported the 11th Yoshizumi [ Meio's political change ] Was also the time when it happened in 1493. 1467 Due to the turmoil that followed the Onin War that occurred in Japan, the era of the Warring States period, which was divided into groups, began.
In Aki Province at that time, there were various national lords in addition to Mr. Mori.
Also, in the Chugoku region, Ouchi and Amago Mr. Mouri was under the power of Mr. Ouchi. However, Hiromoto Mori, who became a board scissor between Ashikaga Yoshitane and the current shogun Yoshizumi, who was under the protection of Mr. Ouchi due to the political change of the Meiji era, took the form of retiring himself in 1500 and became a board scissors. It has been resolved.
Firstborn Kogen When he succeeded Mr. Motonari, he was taken by his father, Hiromoto, to move to Taji Hisarugakejo.
Here, the trial comes to the beginning.
1501 , Motonari's real mother 1506 His father, Hiromoto, dies of alcohol.
At this time, the vassal who was the guardian, Motomori Inoue He was embezzled by Tajibi's territory and was expelled from the castle as a young 9-year-old. It was his mother-in-law, Ogata Sugi, who saved this predicament.
Her house was Mr. Takahashi, who was a leading national from Aki Province to Iwami Province, and became a regular room of Hiromoto after his mother died, but it was pitiful to see Motonari being chased from the castle as a child. I thought, and raised my former employment without remarriage.
After that, Motomori Inoue, who embezzled the territory, died, so the land of Tajibi returned to Mouri territory again, 1511 . Genpuku finished his genpuku without delay. At this time, Firstborn was still alive, so Tajihiden as a branch of Mouri. Was called.
It was a hard fight from the beginning
This is where the turning point of life comes. 1516 , Brother Mori Okimoto Died from the same alcohol as his father. In the Mori Mori family, Komatsumaru, a 2-year-old son of Komoto, succeeded the family, and uncle's former servant was the guardian . have become.
Detecting the confusion of the Mori clan, Motoshige Takeda of the left eastern silver mine castle Invaded Yoshikawa territory.
Mr. Takeda, who was a vassal to Mr. Ouchi after the political change, was originally a Aki national guardian . It was a prestigious. Motoshige was trying to regain the authority of his own Aki province.
To counter this, Motonari heads to the rescue of Mr. Yoshikawa as a representative of the Mori clan.
At that time, I was the first team at the age of 20.
Battle of Arita Nakaide called Okehazama in Saigoku
1517 , Mr. Yoshikawa's Mori army marched to Arita Castle, a warlord of the Takeda army, Kumagai Motonao Takeda Motoshige, who is besieging Arita Castle, turned his main force to the Mori-Yoshikawa Allied Forces.
Motonari and Yoshikawa's army, which is disadvantageous in number, struggled and retreated to the east, but Motonari successfully inspired his soldiers and persisted. At that time, Motoshige Takeda struck a bow all at once, aiming for the place where he had taken the lead. This succeeds in defeating Motoshige brilliantly.
Like Okehazama, the Takeda army, which lost the general, collapsed and withdrew.
This battle of Arita-Nakaide was called Okehazama in Saigoku and will remain in posterity. With this battle as a boundary, Mr. Mouri's power will grow, while Mr. Takeda, the guardian of Aki, will continue to be destroyed.
Mr. Mouri, who was sandwiched between Mr. Ouchi and Mr. Amago ...
Motonari, who won the battle with Takeda, changed his lord from Ouchi to Amago and steadily expanded the territory around Aki. Mr. Mouri is based in the mountainous area just between the Seto Inland Sea and the Sea of Japan, and the [ borderline between Mr. Ouchi and Mr. Amago. ] I had the right to decide.
Kagamiyama Castle Strategy Battle Now, let's take a look at the military service that turns Mr. Ouchi's general over and guides the Niko army. However, due to his essay, Amago Tsunehisa In addition to executing the general who turned over, he was distrustful because he did not give a reward to his former servant. On the contrary, Amago Tsunehisa became wary of Motonari's wisdom.
After this battle, his nephew Mori family owner, Komatsumaru Died at the age of nine.
At this time, the 27-year-old Motonari succeeded the Motonari family by unanimous consent of the senior vassals. At this time, Amago Tsunehisa, who was afraid of his former talent, tried to establish his half-brother, Aiō Mototsuna, but it ended in failure.
Due to the intervention case of Tsunehisa, the disagreement with Amago became decisive, and Motonari was once again under the control of Mr. Ouchi.
Mori Motonari's child
In the beginning, I was blessed with five excellent children.
- Unknown birth year eldest daughter
- 1523 Firstborn Takamoto Mori
- 1525 Second Daughter Goryu Bureau
- 1530 second son Kikkawa Motoharu
- 1533 Third son Takakage Kobayakawa
He has a very good relationship with his regular room, Myokyu, and he did not have a concubine until his death in 1545.
Motonari, who was blessed with children, put all his efforts into expanding his power in Aki under the umbrella of Mr. Ouchi.
1529 , Subdue Takahashi, who planned with Amago during the inheritance of his family. Originally the mother's home of his late nephew, he took it away and gained a vast territory from Aki to Iwami.
1535 Bingo Mr. Tagayama Is attacking and submissive.
While expanding the power in the war, it was also the original way to strengthen the ties with the surroundings in the marriage relationship. Mr. Shishido has been in constant conflict for some time. For, he married his second daughter to build a friendly relationship, and as will be described later, Kikkawa and Kobayakawa We have succeeded in taking in each of our sons.
In this way, while building a friendly relationship with the national lords of Aki, while being awarded the official position by Mr. Ouchi's recommendation, he sent his eldest son, Takamoto, as a hostage and created a relationship.
Although his power in Aki expanded, he was still a weak nation compared to the surrounding daimyo. At that time, Amago Haruhisa led an army of 30,000 in 1540.
One of the representative battles of Motonari [ Battle of Yamashiro, Yoshida-gun 】is.
At that time, he was in a siege with only 3,000 soldiers and was in danger of surviving the Mori clan.
However, with the cooperation of Mr. Shishido and the reinforcements of Yoshitaka Ouchi, Amago Haruhisa is repelled, and with that momentum, Mr. Takeda, the guardian of Aki, is stabbed to stop the destruction and gain the power of Aki.
Motoharu Kikkawa and Takakage Kobayakawa
The seizure of Mori Motonari's Aki national lords could be placed under Mori's control by sending his sons. Second son, Motoharu Mr. Yoshikawa In addition, Third son, Takakage Mr. Kobayakawa By becoming a matrilocal, he gained control.
1542 From Yoshitaka Ouchi First Battle of Gassantoda Castle Begins, and Mori Motonari will serve it. At this time, the Mori army was supposed to be an ally betrayal of Kosuke Yoshikawa He suffered a big defeat and returned to Yoshida-Koriyama from his life.
1544 In, the third son, Takakage, was presented to the Kobayakawa family after being adopted by Mr. Kobayakawa, who was absent from the trace. In addition, Motonari himself declares a sudden retreat and hands over his family to his firstborn, Takamoto . However, this was a superficial retreat, and the real power remained in the hands of the former.
1547 In, he adopted his second son, Motoharu, under Mr. Yoshikawa, who was betrayed during the battle of Gassantoda Castle. It is.
What happened between Mr. Mouri and Mr. Yoshikawa at this time? ??
First of all, Mr. Yoshikawa was the parents' home of his ex-wife. But that alone is not enough to adopt an important son.
This was due to Mr. Yoshikawa's internal conflict.
Kosuke Yoshikawa who betrayed Motonari in the first battle of Gassantoda Castle Was eating a total scan within the clan for this. So, the anti-Keikei faction offered to adopt Motoharu, who is the blood of the Kikkawa clan . It is.
Motonari did not waste this chance and adopted his second son, Motoharu, to Mr. Yoshikawa I decided to send it to. Mr. Yoshikawa, who was adopted, was forcibly retired by a coup d'etat of the anti-Kikkawa faction and was assassinated with his son to solidify the main foundation of Kikkawa Motoharu.
The Kikkawa family, who eliminated the rebel factor in this way, became completely owned by Mr. Mori, and then focused on Mr. Kobayakawa. The Kobayakawa family was a prestigious eastern part of Aki, but Kobayakawa Takehara and Kobayakawa Numata It was divided into. Takakage was sent to Mr. Kobayakawa Takehara was.
Mr. Kobayakawa Numata The head of the family died in the first battle of Gassantoda Castle, Shigehei Kobayakawa However, Yoshitaka Ouchi decided that he could not withstand the invasion of Amago because he was young and sick. So, when Shigehira was banished on suspicion of being intimidated with the Amago, Mr. Kobayakawa Takehara, the owner, Takakage Married to Shigehira's younger sister and merged the two Kobayakawas The head of the family was Takakage.
As a result, Mr. Kobayakawa and Mr. Yoshikawa The territory of the clan belongs to Mr. Mori, but it comes with a bonus. In the eastern part of the Kobayakawa clan, there was a sea where the islands of the Seto Inland Sea, famous for the Murakami Suigun, floated, and I was able to obtain a navy that Mr. Mori did not have.
Sue Harukata's coup d'etat and Mori Motonari
1551 , Yoshitaka Ouchi, the champion of the Chugoku region, is a vassal, Sue Harukata Was killed by.
Motonari seemed to know this coup in advance, and due to the death of the monarch, he was inside the Ouchi family [ Taineiji Temple . ] Will take over the territory of former Takeda clan, Sato-gun. Then, the head of Mr. Hiraga of the Ouchi faction was replaced and put under the umbrella of Mouri, and the Mouri Navy was strengthened by owning the territory up to the point facing Hiroshima Bay.
It was Sue Harukata who took control of Mr. Ouchi who was concerned about this move. So, I request the return of Mr. Ouchi's territory, which he stole with Dosakusa, but of course he refuses to do so. In this way, the conflict between the two smolders, but when Mr. Yoshimi, who is under Mr. Ouchi, rebelled against Sue Harukata, the rupture of the two became decisive.
Due to Mr. Yoshimi's rebellion, Sue Harukata told the people of Aki [ Suppress Mr. Yoshimi ] And issued an order to go out without thinking. This action is [ Mori Motonari is the organizer of the people of Aki Kokujin . ], Contrary to the promise, the alliance between Mr. Mori and Mr. Sue (Mr. Ouchi) will be put to an end.
That said, the reality at that time was that Sue Harukata's motive force was 30,000, while Motonari Motonari had a maximum of 5,000, and even if he did everything, he couldn't win. Therefore, Mototsugu decided to use his strategy to destroy the pottery (Ouchi) from the inside.
First of all, Motonari made Sue Harukata's vassal, Fusaei Era, promise an internal response, but the negotiations failed due to a lack of agreement. However, Motonari took advantage of this negotiation and leaked that Sue Harukata had negotiated with him, causing Sue himself to purge Era.
Battle of Miyajima
1555 , Sue Harukata himself leads a large army and is a key point of Mori's transportation [ Itsukushima ] Miyao Castle Strategy I went to the field. Itsukushima is also regarded as a key point for water transportation from Suo to Aki, and Motonari, who occupied Itsukushima in May 1554, repaired Miyao Castle and placed soldiers there.
Prior to the Battle of Itsukushima, the pottery army attacked Miyao Castle, but it could not be captured, and the vassal advised landing operation on Itsukushima . was. Sue Harukata cut off the water source of Miyao Castle, filled the moat, and only attacked, but if the day was bad, he postponed the total attack.
At that time, 4000 Mouri troops were preparing to travel to Itsukushima. At that time, when the weather collapsed and a storm occurred, the eastern shore of the island, Hakugaura, landed in bad weather and the Murakami Suigun stayed offshore to wait for the start of the war.
The next morning, the Mori army launches a surprise attack on the pottery army! !!
The main force attacks from behind the pottery army, and the soldiers of the separate corps and Miyao Castle attack and shoot at the pottery headquarters. At sea, the Murakami Suigun burned down the Suigun. The overwhelming army and the Sue Harukata, who had been alert due to the storm, could not escape or attack on a narrow island and collapsed, and Sue Harukata was suicide.
With the Battle of Miyajima as an opportunity, Mr. Mouri's power expanded at once.
The destruction of Mr. Ouchi and Mr. Amago
Sue Harukata After suicide, he took advantage of Mr. Ouchi's internal conflict and defeated his head, Yoshinaga Ouchi, and destroyed Mr. Ouchi, the Sengoku daimyo, Suo, Nagato . Motonari has grown to be a daimyo who is on par with Amago.
1560 When Amago Haruhisa died suddenly, 1562 Invasion of Izumo started Gassantoda Castle To attack. Amago Yoshihisa, on the other hand, fought in a siege battle at this impregnable castle.
Formerly, First Battle of Gassantoda Castle with Mr. Ouchi Taking advantage of the lessons learned from, we will start a siege and siege attack without trying to attack forcibly. At the same time, he has succeeded in making Yoshihisa suspicious about measures to induce the internal collapse of the Amago clan.
As a result, an incident occurred inside the Amago clan that killed a senior vassal himself, and Yoshihisa's credibility was lost and the collapse began from inside the castle. From around this time, surrenders continued 1566 In, Yoshihisa was forced to surrender because the siege could not be maintained.
As a result, Amago as a Sengoku daimyo was destroyed, and Iwami, Izumo, Oki, Hoki Formerly a lord of eight countries in the Chugoku region became.
However, there is a tragedy that his firstborn, Takamoto, died during the battle with Amago.
Therefore, he called his three sons at the time of his death [ three arrows ] You can see that the anecdote was not a historical fact but a fictional story. That said, he still maintained the country in cooperation with his brother and his son (Terumoto), so although he created the three arrows, his original teachings were kept tight.
Yamanaka Kanosuke even after destroying Amago Leading Amago Remnants Continued to resist Mouri and burned his hands. Furthermore, in Kyushu, there was a fierce battle over control of the Kitakyushu region with Sorin Otomo of Bungo.
Sorin Otomo supports the remnants of Ouchi and attacks Nagato, but on the condition that he gives control of Hakata Bay to Mr. Otomo, he reconciles with Mr. Otomo, and he concentrates on dealing with the remnants of Amago. To do.
And the original is 1571 He died at Yoshida-Koriyama Castle.
In this era, he was 75 years old, his father and brother were short-lived in Alcohol, and his grandfather died of alcohol at the young age of 33, so he may have been vulnerable to alcohol. Perhaps because of that, Motoki himself refused to drink and preached to his relatives that he should drink moderately. That may have been the secret to his longevity.
Since his firstborn, Takamoto, had already died, his grandson, Terumoto, succeeded the family reign to the Toyotomi administration, and Sekigahara entered the Edo period ...
Mr. Motonari after his death
Terumoto, who succeeded Motonari, was expanding his power Oda Nobunaga . After Nobunaga's death, he would follow his vassal, Hideyoshi Hashiba. Under the Toyotomi administration, he received high treatment as the Council of Five Elders along with Ieyasu Tokugawa, and became the general general of the Western Army aiming to overthrow Ieyasu in the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600.
However, due to the defeat of the Western Army of Sekigahara, his territory was reduced to Suo and Nagato . Will be done.
In the Edo period, he settled in Mt. Shizuki in Hagi, Abu-gun, Nagato Province, and Mori Choshu Domain (Hagi) It became the base of. Hidenari, who succeeded Terumoto, succeeded in repairing the relationship with the Tokugawa family, such as welcoming the granddaughter of Ieyasu Tokugawa to the Seishitsu and being given the surname Matsudaira.
Around this time, the feudal affairs became stable, and Mr. Mori will continue for 260 years as the Choshu (Hagi) feudal clan of the western country, which has 360,000 stones of Nagato and Suo.
1853 during the turbulent period at the end of the Edo period The arrival of the Black Ships in Japan will cause considerable upset in the Edo Shogunate and will be a nest. In the wake of this incident, Mr. Mori of the Choshu clan, who was a foreign lord, also became involved in the trends of the central political world.
However, when the domestic turmoil caused by the opening of the country intensified, it turned into a strong coup d'etat, and August 18, 1864 political change . And the 1865 Kinmon Incident Will be excluded from the forces that support the shogunate, such as the shogunate and the Aizu clan.
The Choshu clan, which survived the two attacks by the shogunate, formed an alliance with the Satsuma clan, which had turned to the defeat, and teamed up with the radical officials such as Tomomi Iwakura to obtain the secret imperial rescript of the defeat.
The Choshu clan, which realized the defeat in the subsequent Boshin War, will produce human resources who will play a central role in the Meiji Restoration reform, and the last feudal lord, Motonori Motonori, was also awarded the position of Duke, the highest rank of the Kazoku system. rice field.