There were three shogunates under the samurai government in the history of Japan.
Kamakura Shogunate, Muromachi Shogunate, Edo Shogunate, Among them, the Muromachi Shogunate is said to be the weakest organization. It is said that the reason is that the territory of the guardian daimyo was larger and more powerful than the shogunate. Yoshimitsu Ashikaga / Yoshinori to correct it Worked hard, but failed.
It may be that the Warring States period, the era of Gekokujo, has arrived because the shogunate was weak in such power. However, although the power was weakened, the authority was alive in the rural areas, and there were many daimyo who tried to take control of the center by using it.
Today, such a weak Muromachi Shogunate 15th Shogun, Yoshiaki Ashikaga I would like to write about.
The birth of Yoshiaki Ashikaga and the wandering Kubo
Yoshiaki Ashikaga In 1537, the 12th Shogun, Yoshiharu Ashikaga I was born as the second son of.
His brother was Yoshiteru Ashikaga, the 13th shogun. In the Ashikaga family, it was customary to go home after the second son, who had no inheritance rights, in order to eliminate the conflict for successors. There, Yoshiaki was adopted by the Kampaku Konoe family at the age of 6 and left home [ Kakukei . ].
Later, he was appointed to the monzeki monzeki capital of Kofukuji Ichijo-in, and was supposed to live his life as a high priest, but it was during the Warring States period. May 1565 Matsunaga Hisahide and Miyoshi Sanjin By Eiroku no Hen The 13th Shogun Yoshiteru and his mother Keijuin were assassinated, and Yoshiteru's younger brother was also killed.
At this time, the blade was about to be turned to Yoshiaki, but in the near future, it was decided that he would be appointed as a Betto of Kofukuji Temple, which is also the guardian daimyo of Yamato. Matsunaga Hisahide, who was afraid to turn him into an enemy, did not assassinate Yoshiaki but kept him under ban.
In July, Isshiki Fujinaga, Wada Koremasa, and Hosokawa Fujitaka who were aides to the shogun. Rescue Yoshiaki, and he sees the possibility of his own inauguration as a shogun, and begins to think about regaining the power of the Muromachi Shogunate.
This is where Yoshiaki's wandering era begins.
At first, Wada Koremasa I was living in Koka.
At this time, Kenshin Uesugi and Shingen Takeda I sent a letter to influential daimyo such as Joraku to help Yoshiaki for the revival of the Muromachi Shogunate. However, as a matter of fact, the daimyo at that time were all about themselves and couldn't handle the Ashikaga clan.
The influential daimyo families of Uesugi, Takeda, and Hojo were also far from Kyoto, and they were in conflict with each other, so it was difficult to ask for their cooperation.
February 17, 1566 With the permission of Mr. Rokkaku, he set up a palace in Yajima near the capital from Koka and repatriated [ Yoshiaki Ashikaga . ]. In addition, we will ask Mr. Hatakeyama, the Kanrei Kanrei, and Mr. Uesugi, the Kanto Kanrei, to cooperate with us, and we will take the position of the official position with a person who will become a shogun, the lower fifth place, and the left horse head.
In response to this action, the Miyoshi Sanjin and others attacked the Yajima Imperial Palace, but they have been repelled due to the activities of the Hokōshu. Yoshiaki, who had asked each daimyo family for the cooperation of Joraku at the Yajima Imperial Palace, was able to get the cooperation of Nobunaga Oda and started preparing for Joraku.
Nobunaga Oda's Joraku Battle and Yoshiaki Ashikaga, the 15th Shogun
With the cooperation of Nobunaga Oda, Yoshiaki will install a ceasefire between Mr. Oda and Mr. Saito in order to eliminate the obstacles of Joraku. In addition, with the cooperation of Mr. Rokkaku of Omi, Nobunaga Oda will go to Tokyo with Yoshiaki.
However, when Nobunaga turned Joraku's soldiers to Mino, Saito's departure At this time, Joraku will be abandoned. In addition, it was discovered that Mr. Rokkaku of Omi had a secret relationship with Mr. Miyoshi, and he moved to Mr. Takeda of Wakasa.
Nobunaga Oda, who had no choice but to defeat Mr. Saito of Mino Province, will resume the battle with Mr. Saito, who had been hostile for some time. And in 1567, Battle of Mt. Inaba At Tatsuoki Saito Will be defeated and Mino Province will be settled.
On the other hand, Yoshikage escaped from Omi province and Asakura Yoshikage of Echizen province because there was a danger of an attack by Mr. Miyoshi. I was looking for Joraku's machine under the hood. Nobunaga, who captured Mino, had a press conference in Gifu in 1568 to bring Yoshiaki up again.
September 7, 1568 , Oda Nobunaga dedicates Yoshiaki and begins Joraku.
Already Miyoshi Yoshitsugu and Matsunaga Hisahide Has broke up with Miyoshi Sanjin and cooperated with Yoshiaki Joraku and was working to restrain the anti-Yoshiaki forces. It was Mr. Rokkaku of Minami Omi who resisted until the end, and on September 12, he abandoned Kan'onji Castle under the attack of Nobunaga Oda.
When the Oda army invades Otsu, it collides with Miyoshi Sanjin and destroys them in Yamato Province.
Nobunaga, who wiped out the remnants of the Miyoshi clan, will finally play a role in Joraku.
In this way, Yoshiaki Ashikaga became the 15th shogun. Orders Nobunaga to maintain Nijo Castle. This Shogun Low was surrounded by a double moat and a new high stone wall was built, making it a large-scale castle that can be called a flat castle in Rakuchu.
The Muromachi Shogunate, which was the wish of Yoshiaki, was revived by the successive attendance of people such as the Hokōshu and the former guardians who served the Muromachi Shogunate.
Conflict with Nobunaga Oda
The relationship will gradually worsen due to the difference in thinking between Yoshiaki, who wants to complete the revival of the Shogunate, and Nobunaga Oda, who was aiming to unify the world by force.
Nobunaga 1569 to constrain the power of the shogun Tonaka Rule I had Yoshiaki approve the nine rules. In January 1570, five additional clauses were added, which Yoshiaki also approved.
It was thought that Nobunaga tried to restrict the power of Yoshiaki's shogun, but recently Nobunaga examined the precedents and so on, and showed the idea of the revival of the Muromachi Shogunate. The idea of being a sword came out.
In addition, Nobunaga did not try to puppet Yoshiaki, but it was known that the organization of the Muromachi Shogunate was functioning properly, and the confrontation between the two was the result of seeking the despotism of Yoshiaki's individual general power. There is also a theory that it is.
In any case, Yoshiaki, who was dissatisfied with Nobunaga's response, was Kenshin Sugi, Terumoto Mori, Kosa Honganji, Shingen Takeda, and Rokkaku Yoshikata . Gonaisho Start writing. Nobunaga Siege Network as if each influential daimyo responded under Shogun Yoshiaki Will form.
This siege was joined by Asai, Asakura, Matsunaga Hisahide, and Miyoshi Sanjin, who had been hostile to the Oda clan for some time. I wrote about Nobunaga's siege network in detail here, so please call me.
When Shingen Takeda joins Nobunaga's siege network and starts Joraku, Yoshiaki will also raise troops.
When Shingen Takeda defeats Ieyasu Tokugawa's army at Mikatagahara, Nobunaga is forced into a corner.
1573 Nobunaga offers Yoshiaki peace, but refuses.
However, when Shingen Takeda died on April 12, 1573, and the Takeda army began to withdraw to Kai Province, Yoshiaki's siege of Nobunaga collapsed.
Nobunaga, who had left the threat of Takeda, sent his troops to Yoshiaki in Kyoto. Fujitaka Hosokawa and Araki Murashige who were bakushin Became a vassal of Nobunaga as far as Yoshiaki was concerned. Still, Yoshiaki stood in the castle and resisted Nobunaga.
On April 5, it seemed that the peace was concluded by Nobunaga's imperial court work and the dispute was over, but on July 3, Yoshiaki abandoned the peace and again at Makishima Castle in the south of Yamashiro Province. Raise troops. However, on the 18th, Yoshiaki surrendered after being attacked by 70,000 Oda troops.
Nobunaga cannot afford to expel the incumbent general and promises to build Yoshiaki's son, Yoshihiro, as his successor, but Yoshiaki immediately breaks the promise.
Nobunaga expelled Yoshiaki from Kyoto and Yamashiro / Omi / Wakasa of the Ashikaga Shogunate. The territory such as is Oda territory. Until now, Nobunaga indirectly seized power as a heavenly man by holding Yoshiaki, but by expulsion of Yoshiaki, Nobunaga himself aimed for the position of a heavenly man.
Yoshiaki asylum life in Bingo Province
Even though he was banished, in the Muromachi Shogunate that lasted for more than 200 years, there is a tendency that no one other than Mr. Ashikaga can become a shogun. Nobunaga himself did not seek a shogun to replace Yoshiaki, and the imperial court did not dare to dismiss Yoshiaki's general.
Therefore, it was thought that Yoshitane, who was still a shogun even after being exiled, could return to Kyoto as if the teenage shogun Yoshitane had returned. He also seems to have been in charge of affairs as a shogun, such as appointing a daimyo to the position of the Muromachi Shogunate.
Even if Kyo is banished, his authority as a shogun is outside the Kinki area and Nobunaga's sphere . Keep as much as before being exiled , I also received donations from local daimyo.
Yoshitsugu, who lost his place, moved to Kawachi Wakae Castle, Miyoshi Yoshitsugu, with the help of Kosa Honganji. It is said that Hideyoshi Hashiba was attached to the escort. However, when Miyoshi and Oda became terrible, he moved to the city of Sakai.
1574 In, we will move to Kii Province, where the power of the Kanrei Hatakeyama remains.
Yoshiaki called on Katsuyori Takeda, Hojo Ujimasa, and Kenshin Uesugi to reconcile with each other in order to form a siege of Nobunaga again, but only Takeda and Uesugi became reconciled.
In 1576, teen shogun Yoshiue Relying on Mori Terumoto, who returned to Kyoto with the support of Mr. Ouchi, Tomo in Bingo Province You will live in exile in the area. For that reason, Tomo Shogunate Is called.
The asylum life seems to have had some income with the support of Mr. Sou and Mr. Shimazu who made a fortune in the annual tribute of Bitchū and the Japan-Ming trade, but maintained the authority as a shogun and siege Nobunaga. It seemed that I wasn't living a luxurious life because it was expensive because I was on the net.
It is Sorin Otomo in Kitakyushu that Mr. Mouri does not go to Tokyo for himself. I sent a letter to Mr. Shimazu and Mr. Ryuzoji to subdue Mr. Otomo, thinking that it was because of the existence of. This is Yoshihisa Shimazu It becomes the cause of the invasion of Otomo territory, and the battle of Mimigawa where Mr. Otomo and Mr. Shimazu collide in Hyuga province will occur.
Yoshiaki Ashikaga returns to Kyoto
On June 2, 1582, good news arrived at Yoshiaki in exile. Nobunaga was struck by Akechi Mitsuhide due to the Honnoji Incident. Taking this opportunity, Yoshiaki Mori Terumoto I asked for the support of Joraku, but Takakage Kobayakawa To be rejected by.
Hideyoshi Hashiba strengthened his power to succeed Nobunaga Oda, and Hideyoshi became Daijo-daijin Kampaku in July 1585. As a result, [Hideyoshi Kampaku and Yoshiaki Shogun] will exist at the same time ...
When Hideyoshi subdues Kyushu, he recommends Yoshihisa Shimazu as a general, but Yoshihisa dismisses him and Hideyoshi's subjugation of Kyushu begins.
1587 I met Hideyoshi in the middle of subduing Kyushu and recommended Yoshihisa Shimazu again for peace, but Mr. Shimazu was ready for a thorough fight. However, in October, Mr. Shimazu went down to Hideyoshi's military gate, and Yoshiaki was able to return to Kyoto, which he had longed for.
In 1588, he joined Hideyoshi, resigned from the shogunate, and left home [ Dokyu . ].
Hideyoshi recognized the territory of 10,000 stones on Makishima, Yamashiro Province. Although he was 10,000 stones, he was a former general, so his treatment was more than a daimyo.
His later years were Shiba Yoshikane, Yamana Kohei, Akamatsu Norifusa People such as In addition, it is said that he was a good talker of His Imperial Highness Taiko. He died in August 1597 at the age of 61 without seeing the establishment of the Edo Shogunate.
His firstborn was Yoshihiro, but the blood of the Ashikaga clan was cut off because he cut off the woman and did not have a child.