Takauji Ashikaga Speaking of which, he is the founder of the Muromachi Shogunate. The evaluation of Mr. Takauji before the war, when the Southern Court was justified, was disappointing. On the contrary, it seems that some people reviewed it because of too bad evaluation.
Despite being the founder of the Shogunate, " hero Not only " rebel " There was a time when Takauji was treated as. This time, I will approach Mr. Takauji Ashikaga.
Which position of the Shogunate is Ashikaga?
Ashikaga Is Seiwa Genji In the early stages of the Kamakura period, he was already named as a gokenin of Minamoto no Yoritomo.
He continued to have a good relationship with Mr. Hojo, who had the most power in the Kamakura period, and Mr. Ashikaga continued to maintain a high rank until the latter half of Kamakura. In addition, he often has a relationship with Mr. Uesugi, who follows the tradition of the Fujiwara Kita family.
By the way, " justice " is common to Ashikaga's legitimate successors. Or " Mr. ] Either character is included in the name. It is a character that is inherited from generation to generation, and it also indicates that it is a "member of the clan", but some people are not recognized and neither character can be entered. There is also a person related to Mr. Takauji Ashikaga, so please put it in the corner of your head a little.
Anyway, Ashikaga Has been "super prestigious samurai society" since the Kamakura period It existed as.
Birth of Takauji Ashikaga and his life
Takauji * is 1305 I was born as the second son of Ashikaga Sadauji and Kiyoko Uesugi.
* At first, I used to call myself Takauji instead of Takauji, but I will call him Takauji for the sake of clarity.
His eldest brother was a child between Hojo's daughter and Sadauji, and he was raised as a firstborn because he was well-identified. Once this eldest brother inherited the family, 1317 Early life (21 years old). His father, Sadauji, also 1331 Takauji took over because he died in Japan.
By the way, Takauji is the second person to put a person who has little relation to Mr. Hojo at the top of Mr. Ashikaga. This is Takauji's grandfather.
This person, Takauji's grandfather, is the very seventh generation of Takauji's ancestor Minamoto no Yoshiie (commonly known as Taro Yawata), who wrote in a statement that he should be reborn as a descendant of the seventh generation and take over the world. It is a person.
It is said that Takauji's grandfather left a prayer, saying that he could not fulfill his wish in his own generation, and prayed that he should take over the world after three generations.
* In the first place, the time when Yoshiya was alive was when the samurai finally emerged as an emerging force, before Minamoto no Yoritomo opened the Kamakura Shogunate. Full of contradictions. I feel suspicious because there was no concept of "taking the world" ...
Genko War
Also 1331 , Emperor Go-Daigo The shogunate grasps the defeat plan centered on the Emperor Go-Daigo in advance, but escapes. The emperor who escaped goes to Kyoto in response to Kusunoki Masashige because of the defeat.
On the other hand, Takauji is Nitta Yoshisada . Together with them, they will embark on suppression as a subjugation army. In this battle, Emperor Go-Daigo was captured again and exiled to the island of Oki, and it seemed that he was calm, but after the first battle he was hiding and was raised as Emperor Go-Daigo, the prince of Emperor Go-Daigo.・ Prince Moriyoshi And Kusunoki Masashige Is re-raised.
1333 It was transmitted to the whole country that Kusunoki Masashige was toying with the shogunate army with a slight force, and the prestige of the Kamakura shogunate fell to the ground, and the momentum of the defeat spread all over the country.
After learning about Kusunoki Masashige's success, Emperor Go-Daigo escaped again and issued the rinji of the defeat (like a document by the emperor). The essence of this defeat is that the dissatisfaction with the master-slave relationship by the Goon-ko is stabbed by the gokenins who have been growing due to the Mongol invasion, and the effect is demonstrated with a good feeling.
Takauji goes to suppress the rebellion again as a shogunate, but based on the fact that the Hojo clan's Takaie Nagoshi was defeated, he decided to defeat him at the invitation of Emperor Go-Daigo. Takauji uses his feet to Rokuhara Tandai At the same time, Yoshisada Nitta and others conquered Kamakura and the Kamakura Shogunate was destroyed.
Battle with rival Yoshisada Nitta ...
Mr. Takashi Ashikaga who was very successful in the defeat Was given a junior fourth rank and 30 territories, and was given by Emperor Go-Daigo [ honor . ] Character [ Ashikaga Takauji ]. [ Kenmu Restoration by Emperor Go-Daigo ] Then, Mr. Takauji himself did not participate, but later the Muromachi Shogunate deacon, Kono Moronao I am sending my brothers.
1333 In addition, Prince Moriyoshi, the prince of Emperor Go-Daigo, who was dissatisfied with the award of the defeat, became hostile to Takauji and Emperor Go-Daigo, and Takauji's younger brother, Yoshinao, who ruled Kamakura, was imprisoned by the order of the emperor. It was a.
But 1335 The remnants of Mr. Hojo are middle and predecessor turbulence Occupies Kamakura for a while, and Yoshinao Ashikaga kills Prince Moriyoshi at his own discretion when he escapes. To suppress the rebels, Takauji leads a soldier and joins Yoshinao Battle of the Sagami River And succeed in suppressing Kamakura.
Takauji, who recovered Kamakura, stayed in Kamakura with the intention of his younger brother, gave his own rewards to the gokenins who were suffering from the new Kenmu Restoration, grabbed their hearts, and began to show the movement to establish a samurai government. rice field. Mr. Takauji, who prepared his troops, offered to subdue Nitta Yoshisada, who had been hostile since then, to Emperor Go-Daigo, but on the contrary, the emperor ordered Nitta Yoshisada to subdue Mr. Ashikaga Takauji.
To the south of Nitta Yoshisada and Hatakeyama, Takauji withdraws to the temple and cuts his hair, but when Ashikaga's Kono Moronao, who had been sent under the emperor, becomes a pinch, he rebels against the emperor to save them. I am determined to turn around.
Takauji Ashikaga is Battle of Takenoshita After defeating the Nitta army, he started marching to Kyoto.
At the same time, he kept in touch to hold Emperor Kogon and worked to obtain the cause of the conflict. 1336 After playing Joraku, Emperor Go-Daigo pulled troops to Mt. Hiei, but in response to the offensive of Mr. Hatakeyama and the forces of Masashige Kusunoki and Yoshisada Nitta, he abandoned Kyoto and went down to Kyushu.
Engen Ran
Takauji, who succeeded in defeating the emperor's forces one after another in Kyushu and rebuilding them, was 1336 . On his way to Kyoto, he received the inzen of Emperor Kogon and gathered the samurai of the West to start the invasion of Kyoto. Battle of Minatogawa on May 25th Nitta Yoshisada / Kusunoki Masashige In June, we will succeed in controlling Kyoto.
Mr. Takauji, who overwhelmed Kyoto, made an offer for a consensus in the form of establishing Emperor Go-Daigo on Mt. It is said that the Muromachi Shogunate was established at this time by establishing the Kenmu Shikimoku, which shows the policy of the samurai government.
On the other hand, after escaping from Kyoto to Yoshino, Emperor Go-Daigo said that the sacred treasure that he gave to Emperor Komyō was a fake and that he had the real thing. ] Was made.
After that, the Northern and Southern Dynasties will continue until the third shogun, Yoshimitsu.
Disturbance of the sensation
1338 Mr. Takauji was appointed by Emperor Komyō to be the Shogun General, and the Muromachi Shogunate was established with name and reality. The following year, Emperor Go-Daigo will be demise, but the battle between the North and South Dynasties will continue.
The battle is basically favored by the Shogunate side, Nitta Yoshisada, Kusunoki Masashige, Kitabatake Akiie Influential military commanders of the Southern Court died one after another, and a number of defectors also appeared from the Southern Court. 1348 In, Kono Moronao made a battle result such as attacking Yoshino.
In the system of the Muromachi Shogunate, Takauji held military and reward rights and reigned as a shogun, and decided to leave the actual affairs of the Shogunate to his younger brother, Naoyoshi. This dualization of power later led to an internal conflict, which created a conflict between Kono Moronao's anti-righteous faction and righteous faction.
This confrontation developed into an internal conflict called the disturbance of the sensation, and Takauji remained neutral. I made him do the affairs.
According to one theory, this retired drama was a deliberate farce by Kono Moronao and Takauji.
The turmoil of turmoil
Ashikaga Tadayoshi, who retired from the front line of the Shogunate, surrendered in the Southern Court and took in the warlords of the Naoyoshi faction and expanded his power to conquer Kyoto again and expel Yoshiakira. Takauji offers peace on the condition that the Kono Moronao brothers are sent home, and Naoyoshi returns to affairs as an assistant to Yoshiakira.
The Kono Moronao clan was murdered by Nokenori Uesugi during escort in the form of being abandoned by Takauji Ashikaga.
As a result, Ashikaga Tadayoshi, who returned to affairs, won, and Takauji and Yoshiakira became losers, but instead of losing the authority in the shogunate, Takauji seemed to behave as if there were no such battles. is. It seems that there was a clause in which these conflicts seemed to be the conflict between Kono Moronao and Ashikaga Tadayoshi.
Ashikaga Tadayoshi is 1352 He died suddenly, but the cause of death is said to be poisoning by Takauji. After his death, Takauji became ill and the shogunate was run mainly by Yoshiakira.
And April 30, 1358 He died in Kyoto due to a wound in the battle, and was 54 years old.
Evaluation by Takauji Ashikaga
According to Mitogaku, which was founded by Mitsukuni Mito during the Edo period, Takauji, who exiled Emperor Go-Daigo, who was an orthodox emperor, was written as a rebel because he emphasized the legitimacy of the imperial family. At the end of the Tokugawa shogunate, there was an incident in which the statues of Takauji, Yoshiakira, and Yoshimitsu were destroyed by the sonno jōi.
Also, in 1934 (Showa 9), Baron Kumakichi Nakajima, who was the Minister of Commerce and Industry, re-evaluated Mr. Takauji Ashikaga, which was criticized by the opposition party and forced to resign.
These are Takauji's rebel theory.
However, the evaluation of the history books of the Northern and Southern Dynasties is "braveness on the battlefield", "tolerance to the enemy", "gentleness to the subordinates" . It is written that there are three virtues.
I think that he gained the support of the military commanders even if he was in a difficult situation because he spared no reward to the military commanders under his control. It is said that this is the reason why Takauji's authority did not fall even after the disturbance of the sensation.
In addition, there is also an evaluation that he was so forgiving that he did not stab Emperor Go-Daigo after being so hostile, and that he was a good warrior who defeated Yoshisada Nitta and Masashige Kusunoki. However, it is said that he is good at war but has no political sense because he failed to deal with internal conflicts and left the political affairs directly.
If you were born in the Warring States period, Kenshin Uesugi and Shingen Takeda Nobunaga Oda It is also said that he would have become a military commander who could compete with.