The rise of Taira no Kiyomori at the end of the Heian period and the government struggle with Emperor Go-Shirakawa (the Pope)

Hojo Yoshitoki, the 13 main characters of Kamakura, is 1163 Was born in.

At this time, Japan was Hogen rebellion and Heiji rebellion . At the time when Taira no Kiyomori was at the center of politics, the political initiative was about to shift from the public family to the samurai family.

It was Taira no Kiyomori that created the opportunity to create a samurai-centered government. was.

Taira no Kiyomori is Japan-Song Trade Therefore, he arranged the route of the Seto Inland Sea and infiltrated the monetary economy by importing the same line. It is also said that Kiyomori renovated Itsukushima Shrine, which is registered as a World Heritage Site, to its current appearance.

So, this time, I've summarized the flow from the end of the Heian period, when Hojo Yoshitoki was young, to the time when the Kamakura Shogunate was established, so let's prepare before watching the taiga drama.

Transition of powers at the end of the Heian period

Mr. Fujiwara, who had wanted that power in customs politics, was weakening his power while connecting his blood.

Around this time, some influential people will appear.

In rural areas, what is called a development lord has emerged.

Originally, they were officials such as gunji and goji appointed from the region, and tried to maintain their position by developing at the place of assignment, maintaining abandoned fields, and donating the land to the central authority. I did.

This is a donation-type villa Is called.

In the center 1086 After Emperor Shirakawa took over and became Emperor Shirakawa, a cloister rule was held in which the emeritus came to have political power, and the emeritus was reigning . I was called you.

The meaning of the word refers to the emperor, emeritus, and pope who actually perform politics.

And another influential person will carry the history of Japan until the later Edo period [ samurai 】is.

The beginning of the matter was that Pope Shirakawa had Mr. Ise Heishi on his side to guard himself. Taira no Kiyomori is born from this Mr. Ise Heishi.

It was the time of Kiyomori's grandfather, Taira no Kiyomori.

Masamori Taira remembers his face by presenting his territory (Iga) to Pope Shirakawa, and packs it on the north side of the Pope's palace to protect himself [ Hokumen no Bushi ] Is ordered to a position called.

There were samurai other than Masamori, but the status of the Heike improved as a result of becoming a Hokumen no Bushi.

Mr. Ise Heishi who produced Taira no Kiyomori

I often appear with Mr. Taira XX, but Mr. Ise Heishi was separated from Emperor Kanmu [ Mr. Kanmu ], It is said to be a branch of Mr. Bando Heishi who was assigned to Kazusa Province.

The fact that Kunika's nephew is Taira no Masakado means that Kiyomori and Masakado are distant relatives.

Around this time, in the Kanto region, Kawachi Genji , who is the ancestor of Minamoto no Yoritomo and is generally called Genji. Is strengthening, and Mr. Ise Heishi moved to the west in the form of serving under it. And the imperial court warns that Minamoto no Yoshiie will establish his position in the Kanto region during the roles of the nine years before and the three years after.

In addition, Kawachi Genji has a strong connection with the Sekiseki family, and wanted to prevent the power of Kawachi Genji from growing for the imperial family and other aristocrats who wanted to reduce the power of the Sekiseki family.

For this reason, the imperial family and aristocrats have come to favor Ise Heishi as a rival to Kawachi Genji.

During the era of Pope Shirakawa, when the cloister rule began, the power of the cloister was enormous, and he was in control of personnel rights and was watering down the regents. It can be said that the regents did not have enough human resources to compete with Pope Shirakawa.

The rise of Mr. Ise Heishi

As time went on, self-confidence laid down the cloister rule even under the Toba administration, the grandson of Emperor Shirakawa. However, after the demise, the imperial family, the regents, the Heike clan, and the Genji messed up over the prince of Jiten [ Hogen rebellion . ] Will occur.

In the aftermath, [ Heiji rebellion ] Will occur and Mr. Ise Heishi's power will expand.

In these two disturbances, Ise Heishi was the builder of [ Taira no Kiyomori . ] Made a great achievement.

The Hogen rebellion and the Heiji rebellion are summarized in a separate article, so please refer to them.

It is strong that there is always a tsute, and Taira no Kiyomori was the nanny of Emperor Nijo, the first prince of Emperor Emeritus Go-Shirakawa. We will strengthen the ties with.

Taira no Kiyomori's power grasping handshake arm

Emperor Nijo dislikes his father's cloister rule and conducts pro-government by the emperor. Therefore, Kiyomori decided to use Rengeoin ( Sanjusangendo ) for Emperor Go-Shirakawa. ) Was built to prevent parent-offspring conflict.

At the same time, Kampaku's Konoe Motomi married her daughter and made a thick pipe with the regents.

At first glance, it is a policy of Happo beauty, but Mr. Ise Heishi is originally not a high official, so [ do not create a conflict with others ] This policy may have been the key to success. It may be from here that there are less conflicts in the inner circle than Genji.

After the death of Emperor Nijo, when Emperor Rokujo took the throne, Emperor Go-Shirakawa saw it as an opportunity and tried to resume the cloister rule. However, Taira no Kiyomori considered keeping a distance from the emeritus from his previous relationships.

However, at this timing, Kiyomori got sick and went home.

Therefore, Emperor Go-Shirakawa abdicated Emperor Rokujo and sent his seventh prince, Emperor Takakura.

When Kiyomori's physical condition recovered, he started to expand the Japan-Song trade and started to improve Itsukushima Shrine, which seemed to take a step back from the world of politics. It was kept good.

However, when the number of Heike mansions exceeds 500, Emperor Go-Shirakawa cannot be ignored. So, [ Shishigatani Incident ] Was held, but it was informed that it was Kiyomori.

Kiyomori will dispose of those involved in this meeting. Go-Shirakawa, who was the central figure at that time, was not guilty.

However, when the daughter who was married to Motomi Konoe disappeared and the marriage broke down, Go-Shirakawa began to move.

A coup d'etat will be held against Pope Go-Shirakawa!

The death of Kiyomori's daughter, Moriko, has begun to move the history. The mansion owned by Moriko was eaten by Pope Go-Shirakawa. Furthermore, when Kiyomori's firstborn, Shigemori, died, Echizen, which was Shigemori's territory, was also confiscated. Then he intervenes in the Konoe family's reign ...

After these, Pope Shirakawa's actions were without consultation or prior notice to Kiyomori.

Kiyomori wasn't silent about the fact that he was able to summon his children's territory without question, even if he didn't care about the Konoe family.

And Kiyomori told Pope Go-Shirakawa [ Political change in the third year of the reign ] Was carried out.

In the imperial court, all the nobles of the anti-Taira clan will be retired and switched to the pro-Heike clan, and Go-Shirakawa will be imprisoned in the Toba palace and the cloister rule will be suspended, creating a government by Emperor Takakura and the Heike.

Since Kiyomori himself has since been raised to Fukuhara, it is probable that he went to take power and to retain the position of his younger sons. However, his successor Taira no Munemori Unfortunately, he lacked political skills, and Kiyomori was forced to return.

1180 Emperor Takakura transferred to Emperor Antoku, who made a profit with Kiyomori's daughter.

Samurai from all over the world stand up with the rise of Prince Mochihito

The tatemae was in the form of the cloister rule of Emperor Takakura, but it is clear from the surroundings that it is the puppet government of the Heike who started Kiyomori. Moreover, the status of the Heike is not high in the first place.

When this happened, I had to buy dissatisfaction and mischief from the imperial family, regents, aristocrats, and the same samurai, Kawachi Genji. With this flow, the anti-Taira clan will start to move little by little.

First, Pope Go-Shirakawa's Prince Mochihito Plans and executes the Heike subjugation, but due to lack of preparation in advance, it will be suppressed soon. However, this triggered the rise of samurai and aristocrats from all over the world.

Then, the Heiji subjugation centered on Minamoto no Yoritomo, who had been chased to the Kanto region during the postwar treatment of the Heiji rebellion, began, and [ Battle of Dannoura ] Will destroy the Heike. After that, Yoritomo destroys his younger brother, Yoshitsune, who does not follow his instructions, and Mr. Fujiwara Oshu, who is on his side, and solidifies his foothold.

Minamoto no Yoritomo did not have a good relationship with Go-Shirakawa, and he was appointed to the Shogun General after the demise of the Pope.