Post-war Poland is not only cursed heroes on the one hand and cooperating with the communist government of the traitor on the other. Meet the man who defies the simple divisions into black and white. January 1945. A truck stops in front of the impressive building of the Silesian Parliament in Ka
The brightest Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was not lucky with monarchs. Its kings deserted the country, ruined the treasury and entangled Poland in the most devastating wars. The worst of them, however, was ... The line of Polish Vases was ensured continuity. Władysław IV with his first wife h
For centuries, Europe was their sandbox. They decided about the fate of nations and dynasty. No other family had such a cynical and deliberate policy. But the Habsburgs did not always shake the continent. And their family origins can really surprise ... Diligent genealogists have tried for centu
Passengers, traitors, petty crooks? The Internet is full of stories about Jews digging holes in Poland. We will tell you about completely different heroes. About seven wonderful, thanks to which the Republic of Poland became a better country. Its time to recognize their merits. Dow Ber Meisels.
Maybe Cysorz has a great life, but kings in medieval Europe? They had no childhood, no privacy, there were conspiracies on their lives at every turn, and at the end they could get a shameful nickname. In 10 points we will prove to you that you wouldnt want to share their fate at all ... As alway
They created tsarist Russia - and they fell with it. They were to be puppets in the hands of courtiers, and they became a strong, autocratic dynasty. But before that, they were masters of intrigue ... and of bringing disaster upon the state. And their great career was almost over before it started i
What the Duce needed three years for, the Führer would do in six months. But even in the early 1930s, attempts were made to create Hitler, the rally screamer, as the German Mussolini. When in the fall of 1922 Benito Mussolini - after the black shirts march to Rome - starts talking to King Victor
44 B.C.E. has pushed the fate of the world on a completely new course. 23 blows inflicted on Caesar by a group of high-born bombers led to the fall of the Roman republic. The system collapsed, the empire arose ... but what about the people who wiped out the most popular politician of this era? Rig
A facility in an exotic country, elegant tailcoats, elegant outfits, the most expensive alcohol, banquets, meetings at the highest level, whispers in the sidelines. Is this what the life of an ambassador really looks like? Discover the secrets of the dream profession! And get to know its dark sides
A European catastrophe that lasted continuously from 1914 to 1949. A time that cannot be compared to anything else in history. A dramatic period in the struggle of nations in two great wars. And a post-war order that did not live up to anyones expectations. The award-winning British professor Ia
Official instructions for washing glasses. Searching for a replacement wife. Fighting supernatural forces and smuggling people. Are these scenes from an unrealized comedy by Stanisław Bareja? No, this is the everyday life of Polish ambassadors. As the authors of the book Ambassadors have just be
In times of war, information is a weapon. Getting it, however, is only the first step. During the occupation, it was equally difficult to transfer it to the headquarters in London. Polish intelligence came up with a crazy idea of getting through half of a war-torn Europe. The shortest route be
Historians have called him a lazy loser for years. Completely wrong. King Mieszko II in some respects surpassed even his famous father. And he was sitting with his nose in books for a reason. The descendants did not retain warm memories of the reign of Mieszko II (1025-1034). The unlucky ruler w
Half of Europe under our rule. Polish as the language of world diplomacy. White and red banners at which foreign troops tremble. This is what Europe looked like in the times of the Polish Empire. There was a time when Poland was the largest country in Europe. A Pole going to the sea was asked:wh
The Czech Republic, Hungary, Moldova, Lithuania ... All these countries were part of the Jagiellonian Empire, but this was not enough for our rulers. They even had a chance to choose the emperor himself. And it would not be the first or the last ruler to owe the crown to the Jagiellonians. Year
He made all decisions himself. Even the most important people in the state were deprived of any initiative. The life of every person in the Soviet Union depended entirely on him. Also ... his own. Can it then be said that Stalin was ... Stalins last victim? A gloomy Saturday, the last day of Feb
Prussia, Courland, Moldavia, Wallachia - all this is a fief of the Polish state. The rulers reigned in them by the grace of our kings. However, they did not always remember it ... There was a time when the kings of Poland dealt cards in the region. Many of the lands around us depended on the Rep
Szulernia in the Presidential Palace and rapes in the capital during the civil war. But also great victories, conquests and far-reaching plans that made the sultans and tsars tremble. The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was a fascinating land of contrasts ... As always, all TOP10 items are based
He is a beloved leader for many Russians to this day. For other nations - a bloody executioner, although there was a time when the West looked for an ally in him. Much has been written about the life and crimes of the Red Tsar. We still havent learned all of Stalins secrets. Although he avoided
The Kremlin as a bloodthirsty corporation? The comparison is not as absurd as it may seem. Surrounded by Stalin, it was extremely difficult to stay on a stool. And the risk was really high, because it was not only about the job, but also ... about the head. Here are the top eight examples. Nikol
The first film camera, a bulletproof vest, and even a ticket validator ... Inventions that influenced both great history and the daily life of millions. Who do we owe them to? Poles of course! Some of them achieved international fame and money, others died poor and lonely. In the book Historia
Russel Crowe, the most famous gladiator of cinema. The gladiators of present-day Turkey were vegetarians The physical effort to which the gladiators of Ancient Rome they were constantly subjected would suggest that they followed a diet based on animal proteins, instead a recent archaeological d
A woman of the seventeenth century. In the manuals of the time there were also tips for returning virgins Some ancient manuals of female beauty reserve curious surprises in terms of tips and advice:not only creams and concoctions to be more attractive, but even remedies to regain lost virginity
Not only the communist secret police tried to surveillance members of the independence underground. The Home Army soldiers also did their best to install their plugs in the structures of the Security Offices. Are they rightly accused of treason today? Infiltrating the ranks of enemies in order t