Why was the coastal massacre in December 1970? A new article by prof. Andrzej Chojnowski suggests that it was the result of a military conspiracy against Władysław Gomułka. Its prominent participant was to be General Wojciech Jaruzelski. While there is no shortage of research into the events of
Bolesław the Brave did not become a saint, because he had a bad piar. Zygmunt August was fabulously rich, but he pretended to be bankrupt. And Zygmunt III Waza wanted to escape from Poland. These are just a few facts about Polish monarchs that you may not have heard of before. As always, all TOP
France is a staunch ally of Poland that fulfills its obligations? In light of the events of September 1939, it sounds ridiculous. But its time to honestly admit that two decades ago the French behaved very differently ... Recently I wrote about how, in August 1920, British Prime Minister David L
Anyone who (...) leads a terrorist group already knows that there is no immunity. We target everyone, said a representative of the Israeli government in 2004. It was not an empty declaration. The words were spoken shortly after the murder of Hamas spiritual leader Sheikh Ahmed Jassin. Within the
Can the coronation be missed? In Poland, its actually a standard. Historians can only guess when Bolesław the Brave or Mieszko II became king. It was even worse with Wenceslaus II, imported from the Czech Republic. But it isnt any more. Various dates of his Polish coronation appear in works on W
After the great success of the Battle of Warsaw in 1920, it seemed that anything was possible. Pińsk, Słonim and Baranowicze fell into Polish hands. Then, however, the offensive stopped and negotiations with the Bolsheviks produced meager results. Professor Andrzej Nowak claims that the documents he
A high school history teacher rebuked you for calling the third Polish king Bold? Or maybe he even stuck your dick for it? We will not correct the grades in the journal anymore, but you can finally rest easy. But she was right on your side. Bolesław was bold for hundreds of years. This is how hi
In August 1939, communists from all over Europe unexpectedly took the side of encircled Poland. Disgrace, horror, betrayal! they shouted. Partisans who blindly believed in proletarian ideals could not believe that Stalin had made an alliance with Hitler. Some people preferred to commit suicide than
A gifted ruler who could not keep his fathers gains. Attacked from two sides, he lost his kingdom, his wife ... and his jewels. Not only the coronation ones. At least thats what they teach at school. Prof. Błażej Śliwiński proves that the son of Bolesław the Brave avoided at least this last unpleasa
Tracking down, kidnapping and delivering Adolf Eichmann to Israel is one of the most famous actions of the Mossad. Agents participating in it became heroes of their nation. At least one of them went extremely far to win the favors of a ruthless genocide ... Adolf Eichmann, author of the Final So
The German chronicler Thietmar presented Bolesław the Brave as a ruthless ruler who, with zeal a neophyte, punished any offenses against the new religion in his country. It turns out, however, that the Polish ruler could also afford great kindness and understanding of Christian customs. A paradox?
Is Asia Tuhajbejowicz, known from the Trilogy and the TV screen, only a figment of Henryk Sienkiewiczs imagination? Not completely. Although the prototype of the cruel traitor did not have a bluish color on the pierced breast, his biography was equally interesting. Book Asia becomes the leader o
Turnout of 98.87% and 99.52% of the votes on the winning list - this is what the 1981 elections looked like in the communist Peoples Republic of Poland. However, after the rise of Solidarity, Poles told this farce enough. And since there were no chances for free elections to the Sejm, the nation org
Jan III Sobieski was able to think with real panache. He had scarcely defeated the Sultans armies at Vienna in 1683, and was already beginning to plan a general crackdown on the Ottoman Empire. He knew that the alliance with the Habsburgs was not enough for him. He decided to make a great alliance w
The United States as a country of endless possibilities? American Dream? Forget it! The most stunning careers could be made in Soviet Russia! However, it was fun for really audacious people - it was as easy and fast to go from zero to the top, and then the other way ... Mikhail Frinowski, who was
The USSR broke up into 15 states. Party apparatchiks took power almost everywhere. The exception was Belarus. Here the president was a man of the people. He defeated the post-communist prime minister who controls the media and state institutions. Alyaksandr Lukashenka achieved a truly democratic tri
There is no man in the world who is more dangerous than him - said Zdzisław, the provost of Sandomierz, about Jan Muskata in 1306. On the other hand, in the 5 Katalog biskupów Krakowowskich publication, the bishop appears in the form of a bloodthirsty wolf with a crosier in his mouth. No clergyman i
The German occupation brought with it many legal and moral dilemmas for Poles. Therefore, the government in exile decided that a set of rules should be drawn up that would become the basic and universal determinant of norms in dealing with the Nazis. The rule was simple:the apostates faced death.
The Polish Peoples Republic was undoubtedly a country of milk and honey. We had the best cars (Fiat 125p set three world speed records), the tallest buildings (PKiN was the second largest in Europe) and the most beautiful women (Aneta Kręglicka became Miss World in 1989). And we trained only spies i
Entire nations were ready to go to slaughter at their command. Unusual charisma, devastating crimes and an inscrutable secret of success. You havent heard about these 10 facts from the lives of great dictators. As always, all items in our TOP10 are based on articles published by Curiosities. Th
They had to fight poverty and frauds. They were constantly being told to prove that they were not inherently stupider than men. And they were always fired in the first place. What else did women in pre-war Poland endure? As always, all positions in the TOP10 ranking are based on the articles we
Are you a little Habsburg? Yes? Well, you are unlucky. Forget about carefree childhood. As soon as you say the first words, absolute training begins. The teacher will censor your textbooks, the court theologian will take care of your moral backbone, and boring lecturers will poison your youth with l
Stunning beauty and exceptional, often tragic fate meant that Elizabeth of Bavaria - known more as the Empress Sisi - permanently entered popular culture. What secrets was this special woman hiding? Soon rumors emerged about the strange way of eating the young empress. That she ate like a bird o
Since the beginning of the war, the Syrian city of Darajja has been hailed by a hail of bombs and missiles. But there was a secret place deep under the rubble. The underground library was for the inhabitants a symbol of hope and faith in the value of culture. Thats why they created it risking their