You have probably heard about Polish colonial aspirations in the interwar period. The first association is, of course, Madagascar, but Liberia was also mentioned among the potential directions of expansion. There is a history of a great improvisation and ... a big flop with it. Liberia was the
It is well known that Stalin possessed such a noble rank (title) of generalissimo. However, have you ever asked yourself how did it become one? Everyone probably thinks that a self-righteous dictator has promoted himself. In fact, things were a bit more complicated. The whole story began on Jun
Japan lagged far behind other countries in terms of cryptography at the beginning of the interwar period. Its land army in particular was extremely lagging behind in this area. The situation, uninteresting for the Japanese, was only changed in the 1920s thanks to the help of our cryptologists, who s
The unconditional surrender of Germany on May 7, 1945 came as no surprise to anyone. The Allies began to prepare for it as early as 1943, when the heads of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Big Three appointed the European Advisory Commission. One of her tasks was to compose the text of the Ger
A week ago I wrote about the true origins of North Korea and how a bizarre, still clinging to power regime developed there. Now lets try to look at it from the other side:what do North Koreans know about Americans and the rest of the world? What vision of history has been inculcated in them for deca
Some time ago we told you that the most famous prime minister in the history of Great Britain was involved not only in politics, but also, for example, in painting. By the way, he was the most tearful politician of the twentieth century, and possibly also the dark character behind the murder of Beni
Eric XIV. As a matter of fact, I feel sorry for him. The English queen did not want him, the princess Renata of Lorraine did not succeed, and from Hesse his legation was chased by the father of a potential bride. His Majesty, however, did not give up… During the reign of Eric XIV, Sweden was qu
Every school textbook teaches that the Commonwealth had an elective king, who simply gave the country a deal. Henryk Walezy became loyal to him Polish nobility, and in France he died at the hands of his own countryman. But ladies and gentlemen! This is not the only similar case in our history. A des
As soon as the Germans completed their conquest of France, they also seized some of the Channel Islands off its coast, though part of Great Britain. They had no military significance, but their occupation provided the perfect breeding ground for Goebbels propaganda. The first (and only) piece of Bri
Few people today remember that since Poland regained independence in 1918, Poland has declared war on only one country. Conflicts with Soviet Russia and the Third Reich were not formally launched by either side. De jure Rzeczpospolita only challenged Japan in 1941. Its just that the Japanese simply
The spoilage of coins has been cultivated for centuries, but it may seem that in the 20th century there was no place for it anymore - after all, bullion money was replaced by paper banknotes. Nothing could be more wrong! It turns out that due to spoiling the coin, the Italians conquered Abyssinia in
During a meeting with a group of analysts and political scientists belonging to the discussion club, Valdai, the former president and current prime minister of the Russian Federation referred to an episode in the 20th-century history of the USA. The president of the United States, Roosevelt, was
Wojciech Korfanty is known primarily as the dictator of the Third Silesian Uprising and plebiscite commissioner, thanks to whom a large part of Upper Silesia was incorporated into Poland. Hardly anyone remembers an episode from his political career a few years earlier:the supplementary elections to
In the biography of the medieval emperor Otto III, Jerzy Strzelczyk accidentally drew attention to an interesting aspect of the German rulers visit to Gniezno - perhaps even more important than putting a diadem on Bolesław the Braves head and promising a royal crown. In no way do I intend to qu
Anneliese Michel is one of the most famous victims of religious devotion. Due to her death in agony, exorcisms were banned in many countries. But not everywhere ... Today, Poland is the world power in the field of expelling the devil from the human body. Anneliese Michel was born in 1952 in Leiblf
On February 24, 2004, Vitaly Kaloyev murdered the air traffic controller Peter Nielsen. It was revenge for the death of his entire family in the Überlingen crash. The disaster, which became the motive for the murder of the air traffic controller, was one of the most tragic accidents of this type i
To this day, this monstrous crime is the greatest genocide in Europe since World War II. What exactly happened on July 12, 1995 in Srebrenica? The beginning of the 1990s was a period of great systemic changes related to the fall of communism. The countries of Central and Eastern Europe began to tr
Bogdan Bartnikowski was 12 years old when he was sent to Auschwitz. He survived, but the nightmare he experienced continues to haunt him. This is how the horror of the camp recalls. I remember. Who doesnt remember? Everyone has a lot of memories recorded in their heads, which, when they come back
On July 4, 1956, the one-month-old Peter Weinberger disappeared from a pram placed on the terrace in front of the house. The hijacker demanded a ransom of $ 2,000 but did not collect it. The kidnapping of a newborn from the terrace of his familys Long Island home shocked America. The abduction of
For centuries, Europe was a place where the spectrum of torture was extremely wide. But the executioners of the Old Continent had competition in China - because of lingchi. Circle breaking, impaled, bloody eagle. Yes, Europeans were adept at causing suffering and inventing fanciful methods of infl
Kara Mustafa made a tragic mistake near Vienna. He ignored the warnings of the spies who reported on Sobieskis relief. The Polish triumph decided the fate of Europe. The leader was overwhelmed with such a high opinion of himself and such carelessness that he did not give any credence to the tongue
Medieval inhabitants of Europe knew that chess came from the Far East. In the minds of many, wonderful stories related to their origins have appeared. Figures were attributed with magical powers and fantastic abilities. The game became more and more popular despite opposition from the Church. Th
In the 16th century, two countries fought for control of the Baltic Sea:Sweden and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The conflict between them was caused by the fact that the Wazas, who were sitting on the Polish throne, put forward legitimate claims to the Swedish crown. What were the greatest Po
According to experts, soon two powers with enormous resources and large armies will face each other. When and where will World War III start? Piotr Zychowicz : When and where will World War III break out? Jacek Bartosiak :It has already exploded. Although the word exploded is not entirely p