The Viceroy and Governor General Lord Wavell was considered a failure in Indian politics since he could not agree the Congress and the Muslim League on the issue of the appointment of Muslim members to the Viceroys Council at the Simla meeting of June 1945. When Bengal and Bihar were bathed in blood
Financial assistance was provided by the Alwar state for the attainment of education during the student period of Dr. Ashraf, the leader of the leftist ideas involved in the Congress. He was a Meo Muslim and used to do politics of Meo while staying in Congress. He had made a mischievous suggestion t
Punjab was the land of Hindus for centuries. In the census of AD 1881, the total population of Punjab was 1.76 crore, out of which 43.8 percent were Hindus, 8.2 percent Sikhs, 47.6 percent Muslims, 0.1 percent Christians and the rest were people of other religions. In the Census of 1941, the total
Jinnah understood from Prime Minister Attlees announcement that now no one can stop Pakistan from being formed, yet he wanted to keep himself ready for every situation. Jinnah was cleverly preparing the Muslims for a bloody civil war in the unlikely event that the creation of Pakistan was not accept
Announcement of Prime Minister Attlee Seeing the progress being made by the Muslim League of the interim government in India, the British made up their mind to get rid of India by any means. Therefore, British Prime Minister Attlee suddenly announced in the British-Parliament on 20 February 1947 t
Virendra Kumar Barnwal has written- The Leagues participation in the Interim Government was in fact an extension of Jinnahs civil war strategy at a very important stage. When the Muslim League joined the Interim Government, the Viceroy Lord Wavell advised the Congress that the finance ministry sh
Under the proposals of the cabinet plan, both the Congress and the Muslim League had given their consent to participate in the Constituent Assembly, but later there was a dispute between the two parties on the interpretation of some points. In July 1946, the election of the members of the constituti
According to the proposals of the Cabinet Mission, Lord Wavell got the Interim Government formed in Delhi on 2 September 1946. Only Congress leaders participated in it. Jawaharlal Nehru was made the Prime Minister in this government. Also Sardar Patel, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, M. Asaf Ali, C. Rajagopala
On 4 June 1947, Mountbatten received information that in this evenings prayer meeting, Gandhi would appeal to the countrymen to reject the plan of Partition. On this Mountbatten called Gandhiji and told him that- The whole plan of partition has been made according to your instructions. So dont opp
The Congress Working Committee met on 3 June 1947 in which the Mountbatten plan was accepted. In the meeting, it was described as a temporary solution and it was hoped that when the storm of hatred subsides, Indias problems will be looked at with the right perspective and then this false theory of t
On June 2, 1947, Mountbatten invited Nehru, Patel and Congress President Acharya Kriplani on behalf of the Congress, Jinnah, Liaquat Ali and Rabanistar on behalf of the Muslim League and Sardar Baldev Singh, representing six million Sikhs, to his residence and asked them to Handed over copies of Mou
Another trick went to change the Lord Mountbatten plan. Suhrawardy, the Chief Minister of Bengal, who was the villain of direct action in Bengal, came to Gandhiji with a proposal. His plan was that the Congress should agree that the whole of Bengal be declared an independent state. Gandhiji agreed t
Maulana Abul Kalams opposition to Partition When Maulana Abul Kalam Azad came to know that Mountbatten was going to London to persuade the British Cabinet for the partition of India, Maulana went to Shimla and met Mountbatten and proposed that the cabinet should stick to the mission plan so that t
When Jawaharlal Nehru became angry, Mountbattens eyes went to Sardar Patel, but by now Mountbatten had understood that Patel would prove to be more rigid than Nehru in this matter. Therefore, Mountbatten asked VP Menon, his political advisor and secretary of the princely department of Sardar Patel,
dishonest referee Although some British historians have described the British as having the role of referee in the fight between the Congress and the Muslim League, the reality was that till now the British power had been supporting the Muslim League more. She was like that unscrupulous referee wh
After discussions with the leaders of the Congress and the Muslim League, Mountbatten understood that the partition of India was inevitable. Pakistan must be given to Muslims. Otherwise the Congress and the Muslim League will continue to fight with each other for eternity. Therefore, he prepared a p
The Pakistan that Muhammad Ali Jinnah desired included wheat and sugarcane fields swaying in the vast Punjab irrigated by five rivers, and rice, sugarcane and jute fields in Bengal irrigated by the waters of the Ganges and Brahmaputra. It included large commercial and industrial cities such as Lahor
While many Congress leaders including Gandhiji, Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan and Maulana Azad still understood that partition would be averted in some way or the other, Mountbatten knew what the truth was! Mountbatten wrote - Jinnah was so intent on partitioning the country that none of my words entere
Riots start in undivided Punjab From Calcutta, the riots spread to the north, east and west, up to Noakhali in East Bengal, where Muslims had killed Hindus, and as far as Bihar where Hindus killed Muslims. The Mullahs began to carry the skulls of the Muslims killed in Bihar in the Punjab and the b
In 1940, the Communist Party of India attacked Gandhis leadership for not fighting with the British. When Hitler invaded the Soviet Union in AD 1941, Moscow urged all the communist and progressive powers of the world to contribute to the struggle of Soviet Russia or the struggle of the Allies of the
527 – 919The Mercia (Mercia in English) is an Anglo-Saxon kingdom of the High Middle Ages. It occupies mainly the region of the Midlands, in the heart of England, but extended beyond during its periods of expansion. Etymology In Old English, Mierce calls the people of the margin, that is to say the
In 37 AD. BC, Caligula ordered the construction of two majestic ships on Lake Nemi, 30 kilometers south of Rome. Moored on the banks of the lake, they were not intended for navigation. It is believed that they served as places of entertainment for the use of the emperor and his court, but also as a
Temples are rooted in Indonesian culture in a way that even everyday homes are designed as temples. It brings such a humble spirit and enchantment to the unique architecture. More than 20,000 XNUMX temples are scattered around Bali alone, this tropical paradise. Pura is the name of the Balinese Hi
By Rainer Sousa Sin or necessity? This was the great dilemma faced by medieval clerics as they set themselves to the difficult task of converting barbarian and Roman Europe to Christianity. From a formal point of view, prostitutes violated one of the most important taboos of the Church by practicin