Among the main knightly orders of the Middle Ages, we can highlight:
a) Order of Dominicans and Order of Salesians.
b) Order of Malta and Order of Jacobins.
c) Order of Teutonic Knights and Order of Salesians.
d) Order of the Templars and Order of Franciscans.
e) Order of Malta and Order of the Templars.
question 2(UFPA) “The squire, before entering the Order of Chivalry during the European Middle Ages, must confess the faults he committed against God [...]”. Book of La Orden de Caballeria apud PEDRERO-SANCHEZ, Maria Guadalupe. HISTORY OF THE Middle Ages:texts and witnesses. São Paulo:UNESP, 2000. p. 102.
About this first “commandment” that governed the entry of a young man into the Cavalry, it is important to note that:
a) the original structure of the Cavalry was of a warrior and religious nature, too close to the monastic-religious orders, which threatened the earthly power of the nobility and the spiritual and physical unity of the institution.
b) obligation to religious precepts forged in the knights a military morality that prevailed over the defense of God, the Church and the nobility, breaking the unity of Christianity consolidated since the imperial times of Rome.
b) obligation to religious precepts. /P>
c) The Church generated within the Cavalry a feeling of military brotherhood, stripping it of its warrior role, aiming only at combating those who did not follow the evangelical teachings, as determined by the princes.
d) religiosity of the knights will determine the end of the practice of tournaments and fair wars, being the Cavalry later absorbed by the Absolutist States, serving only for the apparatus of the European royal courts.
e) The Church had a fundamental role in relation to Cavalry, instilling faith and Christianizing its rituals, so much so that in the Investiture prayer, God was asked to bless the knight's sword so that he could defend the Church, widows, orphans and all the servants of God.
question 3The main enemies that the knights fought in the Middle East region, with a view to occupying the holy land of Jerusalem, were:
a) the Persians.
b) the Byzantines.
c) the Romans.
d) the Egyptians.
e) Muslims.
question 4(UFPE) Analyze the statements below related to the existence of the Crusades:
1) The Crusades were expeditions organized by feudal lords, with the purpose of reactivating life in the manors.
2) The Crusades, expeditions marked by religious and economic interests, had the participation of the Catholic Church.
3) The Crusades made no contribution to the economy in the West, as they created inexpressive conflicts and exacerbated religious fanaticism.
4) The participation of the poor population in the Crusades was significant and points to one of the moments of crisis of the feudal system.
5) The profits of the nobles in the Crusades contributed to revitalize the feudal economy, with the adoption of wage labor.
It(are) correct:
a) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5;
b) 2 and 4 only;
c) 5 only;
d) 2 and 3 only;
e) 1 only.
answers Question 1Letter E
The Order of the Poor Knights of Christ and the Temple of Solomon (known as the Knights Templar) was an order of chivalry that lasted from 1119 to 1312, born out of the aftermath of the First Crusade in 1096. It was one of the most important knightly orders of the Late Middle Ages, such as the Order of Malta, or Sovereign Military Order of Malta, which grew out of a branch of the Benedictine religious order, but became a military order also during the first Crusade. .
Question 2Letter E
Medieval chivalry was a practice intrinsically linked to and indebted to the Church. The orders of chivalry were born during the process of the First Crusade, at the end of the 11th century, a process that started with a direct appeal from papal authority. All members of the orders of chivalry were subordinate to the papacy.
Question 3Letter E
Muslims, at the time of the Crusades, controlled much of the Middle-Eastern world, including the commercial flow of the Mediterranean Sea. With the onslaughts of Christian knights against Islamic positions in the Middle East, the European continent ended up being open again to trade with the East via the Mediterranean.
Question 4Letter B
The Crusader knights were subordinate to the Pope and were invested by him - that is, they received their permission to act, as well as their knighthood, so that the interests of the Church they were tied to the interests of knights. The entire set of crusades undertaken in the Middle Ages had different parts of the population. The Crusade for the Poor and the Children's Crusade attest to this fact.