Exercises on the Mythification of the Monarchy

1. (PUC-SP) "The royal throne is not the throne of a man, but the throne of God himself. Kings are gods and participate in some way in divine independence. The king sees from farther and higher; it must be believed that he sees better..."

(Jacques Bossuet)

These statements by Bossuet refer to the context

1. from the twelfth century, in France, in which there was a profound rupture between Church and State due to the fact that the Pope wanted to exercise monarchical power as a representative of God.
2. from the 10th century, in England, in which the Catholic Church acted in complete agreement with the feudal nobility.
3. from the 18th century, in England, in which the Enlightenment conception of government was developed, as it is exposed.
4. from the 17th century, in France, in which the national monarchies were consolidated.
5. from the 16th century, in Spain, at the time of the union of the thrones of Aragon and Castile.

1. (Faap) Mainly from the 16th century onwards, several authors began to develop theories, justifying royal power. It is the coroners who, through lay or religious doctrines, try to legalize Absolutism. One of them is Machiavelli:he asserts that the ruler's supreme obligation is to maintain the power and security of the country he governs. For this he must use all available means, since "the ends justify the means." He professed his ideas in the famous work:

1. Leviathan
2. On the Law of Peace and War
3. Republic
4. The Prince
5. Politics According to the Holy Scriptures

1. Point out the incorrect alternative on the mythification process of the European monarchs of the Modern Age:

1. More than an individual holding political office, the king was seen as an instrument endowed with irrevocable virtues such as justice, order, prosperity, victory and strength.
2. The sacred dimension of the monarchs was built during the centuries of the Modern Age and carried the vestiges of different values ​​of the medieval world.
3. The king clad in his richly detailed and colorful robes distinguished himself from his subjects by his appearance, wearing gold-plated adornments and carrying holy relics in his hands.
4. The clerical blessing during a coronation, rather than proving any kind of agreement or subordination between State and Church, indicated the consummation of a magical event where the people saw a new predestined occupying a place of sacred character.
5. From the 18th century onwards, even with the explosion of Enlightenment rationalism, there was no construction of an argument against the veneration dedicated to the king, thus maintaining his power unchallenged.

1. Read the text below.

"For now, the king is still getting ready for the night. the clothes from hand to hand as reverently as holy relics, and this takes place in the presence of other servants and pages, this one who opens the drawer, the one who pulls back the curtain, one who raises the light, another who moderates its brightness, two that don't move, two that imitate these, plus a few that we don't know what they are doing or why they are in. Finally, after all their efforts, the king was prepared, one of the nobles rectifies the final crease, another adjusts the embroidered halter. ."

(SARAMAGO, José. Memorial do Convento .)

In this text, Saramago describes daily life at court in the period of consolidation of the Modern State. All alternatives refer to Monarchical Absolutism, except:

1. The solemnities of everyday actions were part of the rituals that ensured the allegorical display of royal power.
2. The nobility of the Modern Age was totally distinct from the feudal nobility, no longer transferring their titles and possessions hereditary, but exclusively through their purchase.
3. The need for pomp and care seen as necessary in the daily lives of monarchs led to the formation of a layer of officials that was often useless and was extremely financially expensive.
4. The clothing of kings was one of the forms of distinction in relation to subjects, used to create the mystical area of ​​superiority of monarchs.

Letter D . The legal norms of the 17th century intended to create the legitimacy of the actions of the crowns and also to structure this new power in the state institution, and the recurrence to the divine character of the monarchy served to solidify this attempt.

Letter D . Machiavelli's main work is “The Prince”, dedicated to Lorenzo de Medici.

Letter E . The ideals of Enlightenment rationalism began to deeply question royal power, having as one of its main consequences the French Revolution of 1789.

Letter B . The nobility of the Modern Age was a continuation of the feudal nobility, even if there were some small differences between the periods, with the hereditary character of titles and land tenure remaining.