After the Second World War, at the end of discussions lasting about 3 months, the Allied Powers established the terms of world peace and the future international geopolitical order, between financial and military sanctions imposed on the defeated countries and a new definition of territorial borders
It was the first immense massacre of the 900 with over one million victims and deported by the so-called “ Young Turks A nationalist organization born in the early twentieth century that aimed at the constitution of a state on the model of the main European nations and which saw ethnic minorities
He fought continuously from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918 (52 months) . In total in the world 74 million and 300 thousand soldiers were mobilized . The Allies (Italy, France, England, Russia, USA, Serbia) 48 million ; Central Empires 25 million (Germany, Austria, Ottoman Empire, Bulgari
The war was determined by the concurrence of numerous elements, the main one being the conflicting interests of the great European powers. On the one hand Great Britain and France , which had vast colonial empires from which they drew resources at low cost and in almost unlimited quantities and
The Spanish Influence radically reconfigured the human population more than any other event following the Black Death of 1347-52, which reduced the population of the Old Continent by a third. It did not leave, as the name suggests, from the Iberian Peninsula, but most likely from the US Midwest.
The descendant of the steppe warriors Kubilai he had been seduced by the millenary Chinese culture, changing the name of his dynasty from Menku in Yuan . Faced with the accusations of his generals of having sinned, losing his fighting spirit, the Khan he played his face trying to subjugate
Khayr al-Dīn Barbarossa , called Ariadeno Barbarossa, also known as Haradin, Kaireddin and Cair Heddin , (Mytilene, c. 1466 - Istanbul, 1546) was a Turkish privateer and admiral, Bey of Algiers and Tlemcen , as well as admiral of the Ottoman fleet. he probably died of severe dysentery and was
The Janissaries (in Turkish yeniceri , “ new militia ”) Were originally recruited from men taken prisoner that became the sultans spoils of war. With the expansion in the Balkan Peninsula between the 14th and 15th centuries , started by Muhammad II the Conqueror (1432-1481) which ended u
The decline of Ottoman power was due to the union, starting from the 17th century , of various elements of crisis: the inability of scientific and technological evolution, the intrusiveness of the clergy and Janissaries on the government, the widespread corruption, the precariousness of the roles
in 1530 the center of the Empire was Istanbul , with approximately 30 million inhabitants . It was built by Muhammad II in the capital, where Muslims lived together in a cosmopolitan context , Christians and Jews . The city, which in the mid-sixteenth century had grown to about 400,0
The Ottoman Empire it was one of the most powerful and enduring dynasties in world history. This Islamic-run superpower has ruled vast swathes of the Middle East, Eastern Europe and North Africa for over 600 years. The chief leader, known as Sultan , received absolute religious and political
The demographic crisis The European population increased from the year 1000 to the beginning of the fourteenth century, doubling from the figure of 40 million to about 80 million inhabitants. This meant the need to clear new land to increase production and feed the population even though decades
The freedom to dispose of ones assets and work was essential for the normal conduct of the business of merchants , businessmen and artisans . It was natural, therefore, that they should try to escape the power of the lay and ecclesiastical lords, which extended to the villages when these were
During the Arab rule in Palestine Christians had freely exercised their worship but when the region came under the control of the Turks churches were destroyed and pilgrimages were forbidden; this aroused much apprehension in Christian Europe where pilgrimages were essential for the manifestatio
The figure of the sovereign was central to the constitution of the modern state in Europe between the fifteenth and eighteenth centuries. The elements that defined it were: - the centralized power in the figure of the sovereign, who stemmed the power of the Church by limiting the function of inves
Around the year 1000, some coastal cities came to self-govern and formed the so-called republics among which Amalfi emerged , Venice , Pisa and Genoa . The maritime republics Their activity was mainly commercial but they also constituted an opportunity for cultural contact between Europe an
The battle of Zappolino (1325), better known as the battle of the Kidnapped Secchia , was one of the most impressive pitched battles of the Middle Ages with thousands of deaths:on the one hand the Ghibelline Modena , loyal to the Emperor , on the other the Guelph Bologna , loyal to the pa
Probably there was no lack of beer and fun in a Viking drinking room recently discovered by archaeologists on the island of Rousay , in Orkney , in Scotland northern. Its doors appear to have been opened from the 10th to the 12th century, probably in the service of high-ranking Vikings.
When, from Scandinavia, the Vikings arrived in the lands of Slavic Europe, they established a rich monarchical entity capable of encompassing aspects that might sound familiar to us:the Kievan Rus. It was established in the 9th century AD, in a territory that includes todays: Western Russia, Belaru
November 42:the Allies attempt a daring coup:take TunisFour days after the breaking of Rommels lines at El-Alamein, on November 4, 1942, the Allied forces landed in Morocco and in Algeria.Their leader, General Dwight D. Eisenhower, had to face very serious political and military difficulties:the ris
Who was going to tell Quintus Flavius Postumius Quietus that he would go down in history and, eighteen centuries after his death, his name would continue to be remembered. He was a simple prefect and probably no one would remember him if it werent for the fact that he was the last Roman official t
Muslims in other islands in the Indonesian archipelago, including Java, differ greatly from Muslims in Arabia and West Asia. Since the matriarchal authority used to be on these islands, so even after becoming a Muslim, they accepted the primacy of women instead of men. Here the right to divorce is
The German inlet of Messines was an obvious target of the British since 1915 already. The capture of Messines Ridge was vital as its possession by the Germans afforded the latter an absolute view of the British positions at great depth. In the case of Messines, the term ridge seems overly generous a