At the end of 1799, the state of France was catastrophic. Administrative anarchy reigns, taxes do not reach the coffers of the state, robbery has developed, the roads are rutted, the border regions devastated because of the war, trade is at its worst, the industry (notably that of silk in Lyon) ruin
Napoleon was imprisoned and deported by the British to Île Sainte-Hélène, commanded first by Admiral Cockburn and then by Sir Hudson Lowe, with a small troop of followers, among them the Comte de Las Cases, General Montholon, and General Gourgaud, he devoted himself to writing his memoirs for poster
The imperial symbolism The imperial coronation, a unique event in the history of France represented in the painting by Jacques-Louis David, Le Sacre de Napoléon, is heavily loaded with symbols. The transition from Republic to Empire necessitates the creation of Imperial coats of arms, as well as th
The coup Arrived in the capital, the general spoke with Talleyrand, an experienced politician and a fine connoisseur of the forces involved. Coup of 18 Brumaire. The diagram of the coup detat of 18 Brumaire (November 9, 1799) provides for the following operations:Bonaparte will have the command
Birth of Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte was born in Ajaccio, Corsica, on August 15, 1769 with the Italian surname Buonaparte, a year after France purchased the island from Genoa (1768). Coming from a family belonging to the proud but not very wealthy Corsican/Italian gentry (Maison Bonaparte of Tuscan
March 2, 1770 (Lyon) - January 3, 1826 (Marseille) Suchet, Louis-Gabriel, Duke of Albufera The son of a silk worker, endowed with a solid education, Suchet joined the National Guard of Lyon in 1791 and rose there in the hierarchy to the rank of captain. Elected lieutenant-colonel by the volunte
Nicolas Jean-de-Dieu Soult (March 29, 1769 in Saint-Amans-la-Bastide, Tarn - November 26, 1851), French soldier and politician, Duke of Dalmatia, Marshal of the Empire. He was, along with Davout, Lannes and Masséna, one of Napoleons rare marshals capable of effectively leading an army away from the
December 8, 1742 (Laon) - December 21, 1819 (Paris) Sérurier, jean-Mathieu-Philibert, count Jean-Mathieu Philibert Sérurier (Laon, December 8, 1742 - Paris, December 24, 1819), was a general of the French Revolution and Marshal of the Empire (1804).[1] He was also named Count of the Empire and
Józef Antoni Poniatowski (born in Vienna in 1763, died in Leipzig in 1813). Prince of Poland and of the Holy Roman Empire by birth, Marshal of the Empire (1813), Grand Eagle of the Legion of Honor Poniatowski, Joseph-Antoine, prince Nephew of the last elected king of Poland (Stanisłas Auguste P
December 7, 1764 (Lamarche) - March 11, 1841 (Paris) Perrin, Claude-Victor, dit Victor Claude-Victor Perrin, known as Victor, born in Lamarche (Vosges) on December 7, 1764 and died in Paris on March 1, 1841), was a Marshal of the Empire (1807), named Duke of Bellune in 1808. Military debut He
May 31, 1754 (Granada) - December 25, 1818 (Paris) Pérignon, Catherine-Dominique, (marquis of) Catherine-Dominique Marquis de Pérignon, May 31, 1754 (Grenade-sur-Garonne) - December 25, 1818 (Paris), Marshal of the Empire (1804). From a wealthy family established in Languedoc (Grenade sur Garo
Oudinot, Nicolas-Charles, Duke of Reggio Nicolas Charles Marie Oudinot, born April 25, 1767 in Bar-le-Duc and died September 13, 1847 in Paris, is Marshal of the Empire (1809). He would be the soldier who received the most wounds during the wars of the French Revolution and the Empire, 24 wounds
January 10, 1769 (Saarlouis) - December 7, 1815 (Paris) Ney, Michel, Duke of Elchingen, Prince of Moskva Engaged in the hussars in 1787, Ney served as aide-de-camp to General Larnarche in the North from 1792 to 1794. Elected captain, he served on the Rhine, was brigadier general in August 1796,
March 2, 1767 ((La bastide tunière, today La bastide-murat) - October 13, 1815 (Le Pizzo, kingdom of Naples) Murat, Joachim, prince Son of an innkeeper, a seminarian in Cahors, Murat escaped the ecclesiastical career thanks to a quarrel with a comrade which earned him his dismissal. He then enl
Adolphe Édouard Casimir Joseph Mortier (°1768 Le Cateau-Cambrésis - †1835 Paris), Duke of Treviso, Marshal of the Empire (1804) He was the son of Antoine-Charles-Joseph Mortier, deputy to the States General. He entered as a captain in the 1st Battalion of Northern Volunteers. Entering the army as a
July 31, 1754 (Moncey) - April 20, 1842 (Paris) Moncey, Bon-Adrien-jannot de, Duke of Conegliano Bon Adrien Jeannot de Moncey born, according to the sources, in Palise or Moncey in the Doubs, on July 31, 1754, died in Paris on April 20, 1842), Marshal of France, Duke of Conegliano. The name Mo
André Masséna May 6, 1758 (Nice) - April 4, 1817 (Paris) Duke of Rivoli, Prince of Essling, Marshal of the Empire. Massena, Andre, Duke of Rivoli, Prince of Essling Old Regime Born in Nice in Piedmont, he spent his childhood in Levens in his family homes of Siga and Serret. Young orphan of a m
October 23, 1766 (Paris) - May 29, 1847 (St-Etienne) Marquis de Grouchy, Emmanuel An aristocrat, the son of an officer, Grouchy went through the Strasbourg artillery school in 1780, then in the cavalry and in the kings bodyguards with the rank of lieutenant-colonel. Supporter of new ideas, brot
July 20, 1774 (Châtillon-sur-Seine) - March 3, 1852 (Venice, Italy) Marmont, Auguste-Frédéric-Louis Viesse de, Duke of Ragusa The son of an officer, Marmont graduated from the artillery school in Châlons in 1792, met Bonapane at the siege of Toulon and became his aide-de-camp in February 1796.
November 17, 1765 (Sedan) - September 25, 1840 (Beaulieu-sur-Loire) MacDonald, Etienne-Jacques-joseph-Alexandre, Duke of Taranto Étienne Jacques Joseph Alexandre Macdonald, (born November 17, 1765 in Sedan, died September 25, 1840 in his castle of Courcelles, near Gien (Loiret)) was a Marshal o
New research on a little-known text written in ancient Greek shows that accented poetry «, predecessor of all modern poetry and song, was already used in the second century of our era, 300 years earlier than previously thought. In its shortest version, the four-line anonymous poem reads «they say w
Nakajimas Japanese ki-43 was a light fighter by Western standards. Equipped with just two 7.7mm machine guns. initially and of 12.7 mm. in its best version, with a maximum speed of 500-530 k.a.h. depending on the version, with no armor for the pilot or his fuel tanks, he seemed an easy opponent inde
President of theFrench Republic Patrice de Mac-Mahon 3rd President of the Republic Elected on Appointment May 25, 1873 by the Assembly Extended for 7 years on November 20, 1873 Presidency May 24, 1873 January 30, 1879 Predecessor Adolphe Thiers Successor Jules Grévy Born July 13, 1808 in S
Features Steyr AUG (assault rifle version) Caliber :5.56 mm.Length :790 mm.Barrel length :508 mm. Weapon weight loaded:4.090 kg Magazine capacity :30 rounds.Rate of fire :650 strokes/min. The Steyr AUG (Armee Universal Gewehr, universal military weapon) has without doubt, of all the assault rifle