- The cold, dry climate of the Siberian steppes. The average temperature in the region is below freezing for most of the year, and the humidity is very low. These conditions are ideal for preserving bodies, as they prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi that would otherwise cause decomposition.
- The use of ice and snow. The Pazyryk people often buried their dead in mounds of ice and snow, which further slowed down the decomposition process.
- The use of embalming materials. The Pazyryk people also used a variety of embalming materials, including herbs, spices, and animal fats, to help preserve their bodies.
- The clothing worn by the Pazyryk people. The Pazyryk people wore elaborate clothing made from animal skins and furs, which helped to protect their bodies from the elements and further slowed down the decomposition process.
As a result of these factors, many Pazyryk mummies have been remarkably well-preserved, providing valuable insights into the lives and culture of this ancient people.