Maratha Empire - Shivaji
Maratha power emerged in the second half of the 17th century under the leadership of Shiva. Shivaji was born in 1627 AD at Poorna Te Shivneri Fort. Shivaji's father was Shahaji Bhonsle and mother was Jijabai and the organization and teacher was Dada Konadeva. Shivaji was married to Salbai Nimbalkar in 1640 AD. Shivaji used Marathi as the language in the court.
Shivaji's spiritual guru was Samarth Ramdas. Raja Jai Singh forced Shivaji to do the Treaty of Purandar (1665 AD). In which many forts of Shivaji went to the Mughals. Shivaji was put under house arrest in 1666 AD along with his son Sambhaji at Jaipur Bhavan in Agra, but he escaped from there. In 1674, Shivaji got his coronation as an independent ruler of Maharashtra in the fort of Raigad and assumed the title of Chhatrapati.
Shivaji's successor- Sambhaji (1680 – 89 AD)
After the death of Shivaji, his eldest son Sambhaji became the heir to the Maratha Empire. Sambhaji appointed Kalash, a great scholar of Hindi and Sanskrit from Ujjain as his advisor. Aurangzeb got Sambhaji and his associate poet Kalash murdered in 1689 AD.
Rajaram (1689-1700 AD)
After the death of Sambhaji, Shivaji's second son Rajaram was declared Chhatrapati, two lived from 1689 AD to 1700 AD. Rajaram made Satara his second capital.
Shahu (1707-1748 AD)
Aurangzeb had taken Sahu as a prisoner along with Sambhaji in 1689 AD. He was freed by Bahadur Shah I (Muazzam) in 1707 AD after spending 18 years in captivity.
Taking advantage of the conditions of governance, Balaji Vishwanath substantially increased the power of the Peshwa. Balaji Vishwanath became the first Peshwa in 1713 AD, who died in 1720 AD.
Bajirao I ( 1720 – 17 AD)
At the young age of 20, he became Peshwa in 17 to 20 AD. On 7 March 28, the battle of Palkheda took place between Bajirao I and Nizamal Mulk, in which the Nizam was defeated. The first Peshwa to attack Delhi was Bajirao I.
Balaji Bajirao (1740 -1761 AD)
In 1740 AD, Bajirao's son Balaji Bajirao became Peshwa. Nana Saheb has also been said. Under the agreement in 1750 AD, it became the de facto first Peshwa of the Maratha Union. Balaji Bajirao died on 23 June 1761, shortly after the defeat of the Marathas in the Third Battle of Panipat.
Madhavrao (1761 -1772 AD)
In 1761 AD, Madhavrao Peshwa placed Sahealam on Delhi in 1771 AD. The last Peshwa was Bajirao.