"Tokugawa Misanke Isn't that a phrase you often hear when watching TV?
But often, "I know the name, but which house in Tokugawa?" You don't know the details, right?
When did it appear and what was it made for?
So this time "Tokugawa Gosanke" I will introduce about.
In a similar place "Tokugawa Gosankyo " Let's also touch on.
However, everyone likes to line up the world's three majors, the three families, and "3".
Who made the Tokugawa Gosanke and what was the intention?
1603 , Ieyasu Tokugawa
Opens the Tokugawa Shogunate.
And immediately 3 man, Hidetada Lets you succeed the second shogun ..
This is "This world is no longer Toyotomi's, it's Tokugawa's world." It is said to let you know.
Ieyasu's 11 boys
Ieyasu has 11 boys However, the eldest son is Oda Nobunaga Seppuku The second son is Hideyoshi Toyotomi Adopted It has become.
So Hidetada, the third son, became the second shogun of Tokugawa.
The 4th and 5th men died at the ages of 28 and 21, and the 7th and 8th men also died as children.
6 man's Tadateru He lives a long time, but for some reason his father, Ieyasu, hates him.
There was also a terrible reason for his mother's low status and for his ugly face. This is a little pitiful.
Ieyasu is 9 man, 10 man, 11 man and assistant of the second shogun Hidetada I command you to do.
9 Man's "Owari Tokugawa Family"
10 Men's "Kishu Tokugawa Family"
11 Man's "Mito Tokugawa Family" Is the birth of.
Is it the highest-ranking house of relatives of the Tokugawa Shogunate?
"If the successor to the Shogun family is cut off, adopt from the Owari family or the Kishu family" I was able to make the rule.
What about the Mito family? However,
Originally, it was called "Tokugawa Gosanke" in "Shogun family, Owari family, Kishu family".
From around the 5th and 6th generations of Tokugawa, the Mito family will join the Tokugawa Gosanke family.
Did the Shogun come out of the Tokugawa Gosanke?
Up to the 7th Shogun of Tokugawa, he is selected from the generals of the descendants of the 2nd Shogun Hidetada.
However, the 7th Shogun Ietsugu Kun was appointed as a shogun at the age of five and died three years later at the age of eight.
The lineage of the shogunate has completely disappeared It will be.
I'm finally waiting here! Introducing the Tokugawa Gosanke family.
Kishu family's Tokugawa Yoshimune Is adopted by the shogunate Became the 8th Shogun of Tokugawa. That famous "Rampage Shogun".
As it is, the 14th Shogun, Iemochi The Kishu family will send a general to Mr.
Actually, when I was the 8th Shogun, there was only one Kiyotake Matsudaira of the Shogun family. There was a person who said.
Kiyotake Matsudaira, the younger brother of the 6th Shogun, was the feudal lord of the Tatebayashi Domain (Gunma Prefecture), but he was already 54 years old, and the clan's finances were poor, and he was afraid that a peasant riot had occurred.
It is said that Kiyotake himself had no desire to become a shogun.
Tokugawa's last 15th Shogun, Yoshinobu Is the Mito family It is selected from.
Actually, Mr. Yoshinobu is adopted by the Hitotsubashi Tokugawa family of "Sir Tokugawa Gosankyo", so it is not exactly the Mito family.
The Shogun was never selected from the Owari family, which was the largest of the three Tokugawa families.
Why didn't the Owari family leave the shogun?
The Owari family also had a chance.
6th Shogun Ienobu About a month before his death, "Rather than leaving it to the Ietsugu (later the 7th Shogun), who is only 5 years old, to make a noise, the Owari family's Tokugawa Yoshimichi Let's give it to the palace " And leave a will.
However, the vassals did not want to be involved in politics by the Owari family, so I made the young Ietsugu the 7th generation.
Furthermore, three years later, when the 7th generation, Ietsugu-kun, died, this time the Owari family's Tokugawa Tsugutomo Mr.'s name goes up.
However, Tsugutomo is not well received by the people because of his so-called "stuck" personality, who is enthusiastic about saving money, and the Owari family "Owari should not compete for the general position" . There was also a family lesson, so Mr. Yoshimune of the Kishu family became the 8th generation.
Although the Owari family was the closest bloodline to the Shogun family, no Shogun was selected.
The lords and children of the Owari family are many sudden deaths and premature lives . Rumors that were a little conspiracy were also whispered.
It is said that the serious family style was not suitable for politics.
And Mr. Yoshimune, who was selected as the 8th Shogun, made "Gosankyo" similar to "Gosankyo" Therefore, the Owari family is steadily moving away from the successor to the Shogun.
Perhaps because of that dissatisfaction, the Boshin of the "old shogunate army vs. new government army" that occurred at the end of the Edo period. During the war, the Owari family will be on the side of the shogunate's enemies. It will be.
It's an event that makes history interesting.
What is Gosankyo Tokugawa?
The bloodline of Yoshimune, the 8th generation! Lord Tokugawa!
The 8th Shogun Yoshimune's blood relationship between the Shogun family and the Gosanke family has diminished, and there is also a conflict with the Owari family. "Gosankyo" To make.
I think the reason for the latter is greater. In fact, there are no generals from the Owari family.
Yoshimune's second son "Tayasu Tokugawa family"
Yoshimune's 4th son "Hitotsubashi Tokugawa"
And Yoshimune's eldest son became the 9th shogun, and his second son was "Shimizu family" .
These three families will be "Sir Tokugawa Gosankyo".
The 15th shogun, Yoshinobu, is from the Hitotsubashi family. Although he was born in the Mito family.
Kishu family vs Mito family!
The "general succession problem" broke out when deciding the 14th shogun To do.
It is a question of whether to use Yoshinobu of the Hitotsubashi family or Iemochi of the Kishu family.
The Hitotsubashi family is also based on the Kishu family, but since Yoshinobu is from the Mito family, the support of the people of the Mito domain is incomplete.
Eventually, Mr. Iemochi will be the general, but this is Naosuke Ii . vs The Mito clan, which also triggers the "Sakuradamon Incident".
Summary
The Tokugawa Shogunate lasted for 260 years.
After all there were many succession problems. The shogun wants to get out of any house.
It is the Kishu family that succeeded in that.
Each family of the Tokugawa Gosanke is still going on.