Exercises on Magna Carta

(Mackenzie) About the English Magna Carta of 1215, it is correct to say that:

a) was signed by King João Sem Terra, consolidating the separation between England and the Pope, making him head of the Church.

b) determined that the Church's assets would pass into the hands of the English nobility who supported King João Sem Terra, instituting the constitutional monarchy.

c) proclaimed King John the Landless Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland, unleashing a wave of extreme nationalism.

d) was imposed by the English nobility on King João Sem Terra, limiting royal power and forcing him to respect the traditional rights of his vassals.

e) created the bicameral English Parliament made up of the chambers of lords and commons, imposing on King João Sem Terra the bill of rights.

One ​​of the rights resulting from the English Magna Carta of 1215 that directly concern the individuality of people was:

a) the right of private property.

b) the right of Habeas Corpus.

c) the navigation right.

d) the right to duel.

e) the right to exercise a crime of passion in the event of treason.

(Mackenzie) In 1215, the great feudal lords of England imposed on King John the signature of Magna Carta, in which they obliged him to recognize the ancient rights of the nobility. In one of its passages, King João admitted that, in order to better pacify Our dispute with the barons, [...] we grant them the following guarantee:the Barons who elect, among their peers in the Kingdom, twenty-five, according to their will, and these twenty-five must fulfill the peace and freedoms that We grant them and confirm by the present document... (FRISCHAUER, Paul. It is written:documents that marked epochs . São Paulo:Melhoramentos, 1972. p. 199.)

The Magna Carta, despite being a typically feudal legal statute, later became an important document to guarantee freedoms to all social categories, insofar as:

a) the high nobility had their political and economic powers limited, due to the measures taken by King João in favor of the peasants.

b) King John granted rebel nobles the right to confiscate their castles, lands and other possessions if he violated the Magna Carta.

c) the Assembly of Barons, provided for in the Magna Carta, led to the formation of the Parliament, with two chambers, which exercised legislative functions and limited royal powers.

d) the House of Lords, which brought together the lay and ecclesiastical nobles chosen by the king, became the legislative body of Parliament, being responsible for controlling the collection of State taxes.
e) The king continued to have absolute power over decisions, so the Assembly of Barons had a merely decorative character.

Among the Magna Carta resolutions of 1215 was a directive that imposed new rules for the execution of political changes taken by the king. These rules consisted of:

a) in the law of enclosures.

b) in the republican dictatorship established by Oliver Cromwell.

c) in the consultation that the king should make to the Assembly of Barons.

d) on the king's moderating power over Parliament.

e) in the law against the House of Lords.

Letter D

João Sem Terra was directly responsible for the institution of the Magna Carta in 1215. This fact changed the political and legal system in England.

Letter B

The right to Habeas Corpus, that is, the freedom to come and go and to have the prerogative to answer for faults and crimes in freedom, came from the structure of the English Magna Carta. However, its careful elaboration was only effectively developed in the 17th century.

Letter C

The creation of the Assembly of Barons practically gave rise to the English parliamentary system, which gave space for the representation of the popular layers at the center of political decisions.

Letter C

The Assembly of Barons was created with the aim of balancing the powers of the king. With the deliberation of the members of the Assembly, the king could no longer make any arbitrary political decision and in the absence of other social strata. All its decisions were pondered by the Assembly of Barons, setting, as early as the 13th century, the basis of the British parliamentary system.