Wat Chiang Man

Terrain

General Condition

Wat Chiang Man is still in use today. have monks and still have regular religious activities located in Chiang Mai In the northeastern area within the old city

Chiang Mai city is located in the flat area between the western mountain ranges. and the Mae Ping River in the east.

Height above mean sea level

Waterway

Ping River

Geological conditions

Geological conditions in the Chiang Mai Basin are very diverse, from complex igneous rocks, volcanic rocks, metamorphic rocks, and sedimentary rocks of various ages over 600 million years, to the unsolved sandstone sediments on the central plains of the Recent Basin that are approximately 10,000-20,000 years ago, which included most of the plains that were now farms and dwellings (Saraswati Ongsakul 2000 :2-3)

Archaeological Era

era/culture

Archaeological age

Types of archaeological sites

archaeological essence

Wat Chiang Man is a temple that is still in use today. a rat temple Under the Maha Nikaya, formerly "Wiang Lek" is a temporary residence (dormitory) of Phaya Mengrai at Ban Chiang Man. When the city of Chiang Mai was started It is believed that this area is "Lao Suan Kwan", which was the residence of all Phayas before.

As for the general condition of Wat Chiang Man, the former Lomkha forest was home to 2 taro fans, outside Lomkha was a plain (Arunrat Wichian Khiao and David K. Age May 2000 :42-43)

When the construction of Chiang Mai was completed, he asked him to build a chedi across the dormitory. After that, when he converted to Wiang Kaeo (currently Chiang Mai Central Prison) and then dedicated Khum Luang Wiang Lek to the religion, establishing it as the first royal monastery in the Chiang Mai wall. and bestowed the name "Wat Chiang Man" assumed that the chedi collapsed during the reign of King Tilokarat. His Highness ordered it to be rebuilt with laterite in 2014.

When the city of Chiang Mai fell under the rule of Burma. Prince Mantra (Somdej Phra Maha Thammikarat) urged Phaya Saen Luang to build a chedi, a viharn, a chapel, a tower of Trai Dhammasenasena, a wall. and the Mekong Gate of Wat Chiang Man in 1558. However, Wat Chiang Man was eventually abandoned. due to war conditions

When the independence was restored from Burma, Wat Chiang Man was restored again during the reign of King Kawila. (1782-1813 BC) and when the Dhammayut sect Buddhism spread into Lanna during the reign of King Inthawarorot (1897-1909 B.E.), he invited Phra Dhammayut to stay at Wat Chiang Man for the first time. After moving to Wat Ho Tham and Wat Chedi Luang respectively (Buppha Khun Yosying 1999 :1962-1964)

Important buildings and antiques

1. Vihara is located on the east side of the chedi. enshrined the white Buddha image or Phra Setangkamanee Which is an altar of Phra Nang Chamadevi that Phaya Mengrai brought from Haripunchai in 1824 and a stone image in the posture of tortured by the elephants of Nalakhiri Indian Gupta Art

This temple has been repaired many times. but still retains the overall Lanna art style.

2. Hor Trai is on the south side. a two-storey building The ground floor is brick and mortar. It is used as an exhibition room for the temple's museum. The upper floor is a wooden building in the shape of Lanna architecture.

3. The chapel is located at the south of the temple. Lanna architecture shape It is not found when it was created, but around 1804 BC, King Kawila and the Great Patriarch has built a restoration of the ubosot of Wat Chiang Man But from the present photos, it is understood that the decorative pattern on the face of the tweezers, the eyebrows bent, must have been repaired after the reign of Chao Inthawichayanon, around 1873 (The Organizing Committee for the Celebration of His Majesty the King 1999:80) in front of the chapel. Enshrined the stone inscription No. 76 (Wat Chiang Man) (The Office of Fine Arts 4, Chiang Mai 1993 :1-2)

4. Chedi, the shape of Lanna architecture Built in 1840 When the city of Chiang Mai was established It is a chedi located on a rectangular chopping block base. They are stacked in two tiers on a stucco base depicting a half elephant around 15 ropes decorated with one elephant in each corner. Between each stucco elephant is decorated with columns, a cross-sectional image of the architecture, consisting of a double chopping board base, a lotus flower decorated with glass beads. 4 chicken breasts and the lotus face up against the upper floor of the 2nd floor cutting board.

On the east side, there is a Naga staircase that stretches from the garden on the base of the 2nd floor cutting board down to the ground. Next is the base pad abbreviation. Separating the wooden part with 1 chicken breast crystal ball, supporting the rectangular-shaped elemental house, adding 12 wooden corners. Each side of the elemental house is decorated with 3 arches on each side. Except for the central facade on the west side, which is covered with a model door decorated with stucco designs. The upper part of the four-tiered arch is decorated with glass beads, chicken breasts, upturned lotuses and boards. Support the lead of each kiosk The relics are decorated with stucco designs. Next is a 2-tiered lotus flower, 4-tiered octagonal vine garlands, a bell-shaped body, a bell garland, 1 chicken breast bead, a perforated metal tiered circle decorated with palm stalks, plant stems, leek yods, and beads (fine arts department 2016)

5. Group of Buddha images in the Ubosot, the most important one is the Buddha image in the posture of holding an alms bowl. There is an inscription indicating that it was built in 2008. It is the oldest Buddha image found in Chiang Mai. and likely a form that appeared in Lanna before spreading to neighboring territories. Found in Nan and Luang Prabang

6. Buddha statue On the left, there is a picture of an elephant Nala Khiri. On the right is an image of Ananda. It is a Buddha image in Pala art. Built around the 15th Buddhist century, legend has it that this Buddha image was brought from Lanka. Passing through Si Satchanalai, Lampang and Chiang Mai during the reign of King Tilokarat later, around 1791, King Kawila built an amulet base with a facade made of lacquered wood and gilded with gold. (The Organizing Committee in Honor of His Majesty the King 1999 :80-81)

7. Phra Setangkamanee or white amulet It is a Buddha image carved from white crystals in the attitude of subduing Mara, cross-legged, with a lap width of about 10 centimeters. According to legend, it was enshrined in Lawo. Around the 13th Buddhist century, Queen Chamadeviwong was summoned to Haripunchai. Later, when Phaya Meng Rai ruled the city of Haripunchai, he was summoned to be a Buddha image for him. Until when Wat Chiang Man was completed, he was invited to enshrine at Wat Chiang Man. Later was summoned to Luang Prabang with the Emerald Buddha. and was summoned back to Chiang Mai again in the reign of King Mekut (Kimuk Uthayalee 1999 :4342-4343).

Relevant local legend :

1. Chiang Mai native legend Meng Rai is mentioned when the construction of Chiang Mai was completed in 1839. Then a chedi was built in the area that was a dorm at Ban Chiang Man that Phaya Mangrai built as a temporary residence when Chiang Mai was built (Arunrat Wichienkaew and David K, age 2000 :46-47).

2. The legend of Phra Sila, Wat Chiang Man According to legend, it is said that after the Buddha's death for 7 years, 7 months and 7 days, King Ajatasatturat wishing to build a Buddha image Therefore, people go to take the Pimpaka stone from the ocean to build a Buddha image in the posture of giving alms. Prai Chang Na Lakhiri by having the Na Lakhiri elephant crouch on the side of the river and let Ananda hold his alms bowl on his left This stone Buddha statue is from Lanka. Passed Si Satchanalai, Lampang and arrived in Chiang Mai during the reign of King Tilokarat (Sanguan Chotisukrat 1972 :54-67)

3. The legend of the northern city Mention the white Buddha image built at Lavo City. Queen Chamadevi was summoned from Lavo, enshrined at Haripunchai. Later, when King Mengrai hit the city of Haripunchai, he brought the White Buddha image to be enshrined in Chiang Mai in his palace (Sanguan Chotisukrat 2009 :351-354)

Related inscription :

1. The inscription on the base of the Buddha image at Wat Chiang Man (Chr. 71), 2008, is an inscription on the base of the Buddha image holding an alms bowl. Tham Lanna script Mention the names of the people who presided over the construction of the Buddha image. (Sirindhorn Anthropology Center (Public Organization) 2016)

2. The inscription of Wat Chiang Man (Chor. 1), B.E. 2124, mentions Phaya Mengrai, Phaya Ngam Muang and Phaya Ruang together to build the city of Chiang Mai. and built a pagoda over the sleeping dormitory at Ban Chiang Man to build a temple Giving to the three glasses (Phaya Mangrai, Phaya Ngam Muang and Phaya Ruang) and named it Wat Chiang Man (The Fine Arts Department 2008 :2-10)

3. Inscription of Wat Chiang Man 2 (Hor. 29), 1811. The first side is a talisman that is assumed to be copied wrong and has an inscription. The second side is 17 horoscopes. Chiang Mai Or it could be the construction of a city wall or permanently important objects. And appear the horoscope of Bangkok in the 4th horoscope (Department of Fine Arts 2008 :104-111)

4. Inscription on the base of Phra Setangkamanee (Chr. 63) B.E. 1873, the Lanna script said that in 1873, the governor of Chiang Mai and the Archangel Mae Chao Thippakasorn with his son Princess and relatives together to build a base of Phra Setangkamanee hoping to obtain the fruits of nirvana by all (Sirindhorn Anthropology Center (Public Organization) 2016)

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