Wat Duangdee

Terrain

General condition

Wat Duangdee is a temple that is still in use today. Located in the center of the ancient city of Chiang Mai. rather east In the east of Wat Nap Mueang It is about 450 meters from the east moat to the west, 630 meters from the north moat to the south. The present area is generally a city, dense community, Wat Duangdee has contact boundaries as follows:

North To the Muang Chiang Mai District Court (Old)

South People's houses

east People's houses

west Row houses and people's houses

Height above mean sea level

Waterway

Ping River

Geological conditions

Geological conditions in the Chiang Mai Basin are very diverse, from complex igneous rocks, volcanic rocks, metamorphic rocks and sedimentary rocks of various ages of more than 600 million years, to sandstone sedimentary layers. that has not yet hardened on the plains in the middle of the Recent Basin, which is about 10,000-20,000 years ago, which included most of the plains that were now farms and dwellings (Saraswati Ongsakul 2000 :2-3)

Archaeological Era

era/culture

Archaeological age

Mythological age

Types of archaeological sites

archaeological essence

Wat Duangdee does not have any clear evidence that it was built. But the oldest evidence is the inscription on the base of the bronze Buddha image that is enshrined in the viharn in Thai Yuan script. Thai Yuan said “(Jul) A.D. 858 years. This Buddha image (weighs) 1 hundred thousand (Arathanama) is enshrined at Wat Ton Mak Nuea.” (Hans Penth 1976:79) Age is in the period 2039 or corresponds to the reign of King Yod Chiang Rai ruled Chiang Mai.

In the Yonok chronicles, it was mentioned that Chao Phad, the younger brother of Chao Nok, took the throne from Chao Chan, the son of Chao Nok, and invited the rector of Wat Duangtieng to reign in Chiang Mai in the year B.E. 2304 (Phraya Prachakitchak 1973 :423)

In Chiang Mai folklore, it is said that in the year 2304, Chao Chee Hut was ordained as a monk at Wat Duangdee. When he got out, he became the governor of Lamphun (The Office of Fine Arts No. 8 Chiang Mai :2005)

In the Khoi book "Pap Lan", the manuscript recorded in Thai Yuan (town) characters, Thai Yuan (Mueang dialect), mentions that Tu Chao Wat Duangdee brought the bell to Wat Phra That Doi Kham in 1838 and the construction of the wall. Wat Phrabat Tui Tu Chao, Wat Duangdee in 1842 (Puang Kham Tui Khiao 1972 :4-5)

In addition, the name of Wat Duangdee also appears in Chiang Mai's ancient document listing of temples and sects, which is an ancient document of Wat Chedi Luang. Chiang Mai Province, which was compiled during the reign of King Rama V, said that Wat Duangdee belonged to the category of Ubosot, Wat Saklao or Wat Samphao (Sommai Premjit 1975 :2-3)

Inside the temple found important architecture as follows:

The Temple It is located to the east of the main chedi. The exact year of construction is unknown. According to the history of the temple said that it was built by Mae Chao Chan Hom. As for Chao Khun Udom Wuthikhun, the deputy provincial dean It is said that it was built by Chao Inthawarot Suriyawong (Noi Suriya) and was restored by Phraya Thammalangka. Prince of Chiang Mai in 1819 (Puang Kham Tui Khiao 1972 :6) Architectural features There is a rectangular plan, 9 rooms long, the base of the viharn is the base of the lotus inverted lotus, next to it is a round glass ball to support the building. All four walls are masonry to the roof structure. In front of the extractor is a doorway. The top edge of the wall is made of a diagonal square shape light box. The back wall is solid brick. The side walls on both sides are drilled into door and window openings. In front of the balcony hall made a staircase. The end of the railing is made into a lonely shape. The roof structure is a lower roof on the 3rd floor. Both the front and back floors are stacked 2 livers, covered with clay tiles. Gable decorated with a bouquet of flowers in the shape of a bird's beak. The wind chime is carved into a dragon, decorated with rooster leaves, carved wood, decorated with glass. The end of the bluff is decorated with a swan's tail in the shape of a Naga's head. In the middle of the roof ridge is decorated with 9-tier metal tiers, the gable is engraved with thousands of plants decorated with glass. The wand is made of 18 pieces of wood carved to destroy flora. Technique of the roof structure to make a gable with a brace no center column The interior of the building is made of octagonal columns with the front porch. The side of the porch (porch column) is located in the base frame and plastered walls (Anuwat Inthana 2010 :20-36). Inside is enshrined the main Buddha image and his family on a pedestal of glass beads, raised chicken breasts, decorated with stucco decorated with glass. Inwa The main Buddha image has a form of Lanna style of later generations with the influence of Sukhothai art from making Phra Rasmi Flames, but the shape of the Buddha image remains in the shape of Phra Phuttha Sihing. Hanuman is knotty and he is rather plump. with the surrounding amulets, both new (Emerald Buddha style) and old (Buddha Sihing style, bronze material) The same print style as that of Wihan Lai Kham. Wat Phra Singh Woramahawihan and many other temples in Chiang Mai city) The interior walls are painted with powder paintings depicting Hell-Heaven (northern) and Phra Malai (south) There is a royal pulpit, a pulpit that was built and dedicated by the Tawan Dynasty Prince in Chiang Mai. (The Fine Arts Office No. 8 Chiang Mai 2005 :2)

Ubosot It is located to the south of the temple. From the palm leaf scriptures of Wat Phumin Nan province mentions the construction and celebration of the chapel with the triangular hall of Wat Duangdee in the year 1834 (Saraswati Ongsakul 2534:28). The architectural style is a Lanna-style ordination hall. The plan is rectangular in size with 5 rooms. It is a brick building with mortar. The base is a lotus base decorated with glass beads around the wood. Next up is the base of glass beads to support the base of the overturned lotus. In front of the chapel is a curved staircase. Brick masonry walls have window openings. The pillars and roof are wooden structures. The roof is made of clay tiled by making a roof to reduce the front and back 1 layer. The side is made of liver, reducing 1 layer. decorated in various parts that is a bouquet Rooster's tail, swan's tail, gable, bird wings, eyebrows bent, wind sculpture, etc., with carved wood gilded and decorated with mirrors. There is no rafter in the middle of the center column, but the beam extends to the part on the wall. The structure of the rafter beams inside still appears gilded work, rhombus, Tha Kaeo (Chukchi base) built around the room in the back to enshrine the main Buddha image and rank as a group. Outside, surrounding the main chapel is buried in a square shape with stucco with rounded heads in 8 directions. (The Fine Arts Office No. 8 Chiang Mai 2005 :3)

Ho Tri It is located in the east of the ordination hall. The inscription in the Koi book "Pap Lan" said that it was built in the year B.E. 1829 by the viceroy of the Mahawongse Later, the Trai tower collapsed, causing the pillars The walls and ambush windows all collapsed. Therefore, the Fine Arts Department has renovated, except for the pattern that cannot be restored, must only apply smooth plaster. (The Fine Arts Office No. 8, Chiang Mai 2005 :5) The style is a Lanna style mondop building. Masonry and mortar in a square plan There is a staircase leading up to the north. The roof is cascading in 3 layers.

Jedi It is located to the west of the temple in the east-west axis. In the history book of Wat Duangdee, it is said that Phra Maha Kesara, the former abbot, was the one who built it (Puang Kham Tui Khiao 1972 :6). The present style is a bell-shaped chedi in Lanna style. The lowest base is a raised chopping board base decorated with stucco elephant images on all four corners. Next up is a chopping board base stacked in three tiers to support a lotus base decorated with glass beads, chicken breasts stacked on two bases. In the square plan, there is a wooden girdle in the middle. Above, the lotus supports the bell body, made into a lotus-facing lotus decorated with glass beads, chicken breasts stacked in three tiers in an octagonal plan to support a round bell body. Next up is a throne that looks like a lotus base in a square plan, decorated with 1 chicken breast crystal ball, followed by the segments and the tops. From the form assumed that it was built in the second half of the 21st Buddhist century (Anuwat Inthana 2010 :19-20)

Related inscription :Inscription on the base of Buddha images at Wat Duangdee 1, inscription on the base of Buddha images at Wat Duangdee 2, inscription on the base of Buddha images at Wat Duangdee 3