The landing on the outskirts of Cape Hellès had taken place at about the same time as that of the ANZACs in front of GabaTépé. The numbers had been divided into five small areas designated by letters of the alphabet:S, V, W, X and Y. The highlight of the operation was to occur at the very foot of S
Hamiltons response was quick. Rear Admiral C.F. Thursby, the naval commander of the operation, had no difficulty in arguing that embarkation in the present situation was tantamount to disaster. The particularly dark night, the bad weather and the disorder reigning on the beaches made any re-embarka
From 10 a.m., Kemal Pasha was able to advance a company on the left flank of the Australians, along the slopes descending from Babi 700, a hill culminating at 700 meters, the final point reached by the soldiers of the landing corps. A second regiment from the Turkish 19th Division has joined the tr
On April 25, in the early hours of dawn, the landing begins. Lets leave history for a moment to take a closer look at what the survivors called the hell of Gallipoli, and follow the ANZAC attacking Gaba-Tépé. The bugle sounds the gathering in the passageways of the battleship Prince of Wales. The d
The risky conception of the Gallipoli operation is only admissible if surprise plays out, but if we remember the din caused by the errors and false maneuvers at Lemnos, we should not be surprised if the Turks, commanded by German Field Marshal Liman von Sanders, put the Fifth Army covering the strai
The plan adopted by the command provides for a Franco-British landing on a few small beaches on the western coast of the peninsula, in the region of Cape Hellès which marks its southern end, while the ANZAC army corps will attack further north, in front of Gaba-Tépé. A naval diversion will be conduc
On March 18, 1915, a powerful Franco-British squadron tried to force the Dardanelles strait, after an intensive bombardment. On March 19, the French battleship Bouvet exploded and sank, followed by the British battlecruisers Ocean and Irrésistible. The allied fleet withdraws, without knowing that th
Superior German artillery, together with better trained German sailors, apparently ended British dominance at sea. En route to its base on the Kiel Canal, the German fleet arrived in the North Sea on Wednesday afternoon, and off Jutland, fought against the British fleet throughout the afternoon and
Due to their superior speed, the German cruisers took fire first, and Luztow was soon in flames. The German fleet then withdrew and opened fire from a distance of 19,000 yards. Visibility was gradually decreasing, and when Jellicoe realized the disadvantage the setting sun was giving him, he steered
As Scheer approached from the west with his main party, he crossed paths with 5th Squadron pursuing Hipper. Scheer split his squadron in two and surrounded the four enemy buildings. Malaya, in the lead, opened fire on the Pommern and turned it into a blaze. The Valiant, the Barham and the Warspite,
The Germans moved north, and within minutes HMS Lion, Beattys ship, came under several artillery fire and left the formation heading south, in flames. The German artillery was very effective, and shortly after Lions escape several rounds from Von Der Tann damaged HMS Indefafigable. At 4:30 a.m., the
At 12:40 p.m. on May 31, HMS Ardent reported smoke to the east. Beatty, who was at the head of the fleet, passed a Danish steamer heading west, which sent a message to Beatty:several cruisers spotted straight ahead. Thinking he had found Hippers squadron, Beatty sped towards the group at full speed.
Some sources say that the Royal Navy received information from undisclosed sources that Franz Hipper, commander of a squadron of German cruisers, had left for Kiel on May 30. It was assumed that Kiel wanted to bomb towns on the east coast of England, as he had done in previous months. Following on f
News of the conflict spread among the population, leading to expressions of despair among some, sadness among others. The German Imperial Chancellor sent a telegram to the commander of the fleet:“Pride and enthusiasm prevail throughout Germany, thanks to this fleet which faced a numerically superio
What is the meaning of the Battle of Jutland? First of all, as mentioned above, after this episode the German fleet became non-existent and played no great role in the war other than keeping the Navy on high alert. To achieve a strategic victory, Germany had to sink a large number of enemy buildin
In 1916, reconnaissance aircraft were very rare, and limited in their use. Both Jellicoe and Scheer relied on reconnaissance cruisers to locate their adversary. The two groups of reconnaissance cruisers under the command of Beatty and Hipper made contact at 02:00 and, after a brief exchange of fire,
Germany assumed before the First World War that England would adopt a strategy of closed blockade of their ports, as it had done before against France, Spain and England in previous centuries. To counter this strategy, Germany produced powerful and heavily armored buildings, as well as a large quant
To respond to the dreaded German minenwerfers, the French unearthed arsenals of old mortars over 50 years old, which had been designed by Napoleon IIIs engineers to fire cast iron cannonballs (e.g. 150 mm )! Their stocky size gave them the nickname of Crapouillots. The old 58 gun was thus used from
Shrapnel, named after its inventor Henry Shrapnel, is the name for bullet shell. The term shrapnel is often misused to designate small fragments projected by an explosion whatever their origin. In 1784, Lieutenant Henry Shrapnel (1761-1842) of the British Royal Artillery Corps (Royal Artillery)
The definition of howitzer differs from time to time. The first howitzers owe their name to the fact that they fired shells, that is to say hollow projectiles which exploded after their fall, unlike cannons which fired solid balls. They appear in the middle of the 17th century. The solid cannonbal
Economists define money as everything that is generally accepted in payment for goods, used as a medium for exchange, and expressed as the standard unit in which prices and debt are measured. It is by definition something valuable. However, currency from ancient history is the tangible form of money
The end of the Christian rule over the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire marks the end of the Middle Ages in the history of Europe and the end of the Dark Ages in Europe and the beginning of a new era of knowledge and consciousness. It was as if Europe had woken up from its slumber with a great st
Reading fiction and non-fiction is an imaginative and fun way to immerse ourselves in other peoples stories and experiences. So, this year, add some indigenous Australian writers to your curriculum. We have compiled a list of books below that will excite, challenge and amaze you written by indigenou
John Joseph Pershing was a general of the armies of the United States of America, born on September 13, 1860 in Missouri and died on July 15, 1948 at Walter Hospital in Washington DC. John Pershing was born in the small house of his parents near Laclede (Missouri) on September 13, 1860. The Persh