Ancient history

• Byzantine Empire - History of the Eastern Roman Empire

  With its capital built on the ancient city of Byzantium, the Byzantine Empire was the direct descendant of the Eastern Roman Empire . It lasted nearly a thousand years, until Constantinople was taken. by the Turks in 1453. After the fall of Rome in 476, a major break in Roman history, it is accepted

• The Song dynasty in China

  The Song Dynasty begins in 960 CE, and follows several decades of political chaos in China. China was then divided and in full civil war, each of the factions trying to recreate the Empire and take the lead. The Commander-in-Chief of the Armies of the Late Zhou Dynasty (one of the Ten Kingdoms of So

• Mali Empire (13th-15th centuries)

  The Mali Empire was the first of the great Muslim empires of West Africa, which controlled this region from the 13th to the beginning of the 15th century. Founded by the legendary Soundiata Keita, this new entity quickly became a rich and powerful state, connected to the commercial and cultural netw

• The Russian Empire at its height (1682-1815)

  Led by the Romanovs, the Russian Empire developed from Peter I:throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, it expanded to the west towards the Baltic States, Poland and the Balkans, as well as to the south (Caucasus, Central Asia) and east (Siberia). Originally (1240 to 1480), the Russian principalities

• The Incas, an empire in the Andes

  The Inca Empire was founded in the 12th century by the Quechuas, a people from the Cuzco Valley in Peru. It stretched along the Andes for almost 5,000 kilometers from the equator to central Chile and was connected by a network of roads and suspension bridges. In the 15th century, under the action of

• Caral (Peru):civilization without war

  War has long been thought to have been the primary creative force in civilization. Recent research at the archaeological site of Caral in Peru challenge this theory. A little over 6,000 years ago, in several places on the planet, man left forests and savannahs to build grandiose cities and monuments

• Civilizations of the Indus Valley

  From the beginning of the third millennium BC, invaders and colonizers from Central Asia challenged the passes of Himalayas to settle in the Indus Valley . Among the cradles of agriculture, these brilliant civilizations of northern India contemporaries of Pharaonic Egypt and the Mesopotamian civiliz

• Roman Empire and Roman Civilization

  The Roman Empire is the period of ancient history during which the Roman state and the overseas provinces were under the sovereignty of a princeps (emperor). It begins when Octavian received the title of Augustus in 27 BC. AD and traditionally ends, for its western part, in 476 AD. At its height, th

• Mesopotamia, the first civilization

  The first civilization in the history of mankind was born in Mesopotamia in the 5th millennium BC, in the fertile crescent that stretches between two rivers, the Tigris and the Euphrates. The Sumerians developed a brilliant civilization there and invented the first writing system:cuneiform writing.

• The Mayas, a mysterious civilization

  The Mayans are at the origin of a brilliant pre-Columbian civilization of Central America which had its apogee in the classical period between 200 and 900 AD. Their territories stretched from the Yucatán Peninsula to central Mexico. The main cities of this period were Tikal, Uaxactún, Piedras Negras

• Ancient Rome and the Roman Republic, from Romulus to Caesar

  “Ancient Rome is the term given to the civilization which developed, in Antiquity, in Italy and then all around the Mediterranean, submerging the Greek and Carthaginian civilizations. This long and tumultuous period has its roots in mythology, from Romulus to Marius (8th century BC - 2nd century BC)

• Minoan civilization, the first in Europe

  The Minoan civilization , located in the Bronze Age, is considered the first in Europe. It flourished in Crete in the Aegean Sea and is the source of many myths and legends of Greek antiquity. She knows how to write, develops a refined fresco art, where a unique sweetness of life appears, and builds

• Ancient Greece and Greek Civilization

  “Ancient Greece is the term given to the civilization that began around 700 BC. AD in Greece and its colonies and reached its peak in the 5th century BC. Whether in art, politics, literature, philosophy or science, the legacy of ancient Greece still influences our world. The Greek Civilization inven

• The Aztecs:an empire and a brilliant civilization

  The Aztecs (or Mexicas) dominated southern and central Mexico from the 14th to the 16th century, building an empire there. and a brilliant civilization . The term “Aztec” comes from Aztlan , mythical homeland of northern Mexico meaning in Nawatl White Land .” This term was popularized by historians

• Petra (Jordan):the fabulous capital of the Nabataeans

  Capital of the Nabataeans until the second century AD. AD and located in present-day Jordan, Petra is an ancient city of rare beauty with the appearance of an impregnable fortress. The city, whose name means rock in Greek, rose in the middle of sandstone cliffs veined with red, purple and yellow whe

• Ancient Egypt and Egyptian civilization

  Egypt ancient is one of the oldest civilizations of antiquity. A little before 3000 BC, King Narmer united Upper and Lower Egypt into a single country. He is the first pharaoh of a long line of sovereigns who will reign for more than 2,500 years. The country of the pharaohs owes its prosperity and i

• The Etruscans, a mysterious pre-Roman civilization

  The Etruscans were a people whose civilization developed during antiquity in Etruria in the Italian peninsula. Her name is the Latin version of the Greek word Tyrrhenia or Tyrsenia; the Romans called this people Etrusci or Tusci, from which derives the name of the current Italian region of Tuscany .

• The Southern Attack at Baton Rouge (Summer 1862)

  By the end of July 1862, the withdrawal of the Union fleets from Vicksburg and the evacuation of Natchez had left the Confederacy controls a significant portion of the course of the Mississippi , when the river was about to be entirely in the hands of the Northerners just a month earlier. Moreover,

• Back on the Bull Run (July - August 1862)

  Page 1 of 2 The Fierce Fighting of the “Seven Days” (June 25 – 1st July 1862) had ended the blockade of Richmond by the Northern Army of the Potomac, but had not put an end to all activity in the Peninsula. July was marked by a series of reconnaissance and minor skirmishes around Harrisons Landing,

• The Southern Invasion of Kentucky (Summer 1862)

  The May 30, 1862 occupation of Corinth, evacuated the day before by the Confederates, left the Union in an advantageous strategic position. If Beauregards 56,000-strong southern army blocked the Federals direct southern route by entrenching themselves in Tupelo, other options remained open thanks to