Caribou skin was the most important material for clothing. It was used to make coats, pants, dresses, and boots. Moose skin was also used for these items, but it was not as warm as caribou skin. Beaver skin was used to make mittens, hats, and other small items.
Birch bark was used to make containers, such as baskets and canoes. Spruce roots were used to make rope and fishing nets. Willow bark was used to make baskets and mats.
In addition to clothing and containers, Eastern subarctic people also used animal skins and plant materials to make tools, weapons, and musical instruments. Caribou antlers were used to make spears, knives, and arrowheads. Moose bones were used to make clubs and hammers. Birch bark was used to make canoes, snowshoes, and toboggans. Spruce roots were used to make rope and fishing nets. Willow bark was used to make baskets and mats.
The clothing and other items that Eastern subarctic people made from animal skins and plant materials were essential for their survival in the harsh climate of the subarctic region.