Before investigating the Roman Republic, let's take a look at "The Origin of the Roman Kingdom" and "Why Dissatisfaction Raised and Moved to the Republic".
Let's take a look at the Roman Kingdom before the Roman Republic
753 BC, Romnus There was a time when seven kings, including the one, ruled Rome (until the fifth generation was a mythical era).
Romnus has embraced many people for his territorial expansion. Most of the people who accepted it were men, and the ratio of men and women in Rome was largely biased toward men.
"Rome doesn't last long in the current situation of only men"
He tells the neighboring countries that he wants the woman to be married, but he refuses. The first step I was at a loss was
A nearby Sabines woman (who is said to have emigrated from Sparta) is kidnapped
It was that. Of course, the Sabines were sharp, but it seems that they were taken care of as their brides after being kidnapped, and the people who should have been looted
"Whichever wins, it's hard, so I want you to stop fighting."
The dispute was settled. From then on, Italians and Sabines alternate to the throne Will be decided.
Royal Roman political system
It is possible that there were no letters in Rome at that time, so there is no evidence that this was the political system. .. ..
At least in posterity, "the king was elected by the private assembly and the Senate gave the king's advice." Was said.
Why do you want to have such a system? I want to say, "Republic has been practiced in Rome for a long time." Republic Rome There seems to be a theory that it seeks its origin.
For the time being, let's assume that this political system and the theory that the Italians and Sabines alternately took the throne are correct, and let's look at the changes in the Roman kingdom.
Changes in Roman Kingdom
Rome in the first place Is Italian Is the land where I lived mainly, but gradually Etruscan Expanded from north to south, Rome around 500 BC It was like the border between the Etruscan main area and the Italian settlement.
Etruria at the time Is a powerful country in the Italian peninsula (the grain can be harvested well and the processing technology of metal objects has been developed), and it is said to be superior to Rome.
According to the original rules, the king is not hereditary.
Italians and Sabines alternate between influential people
However, perhaps there was gradual pressure from Eltoria on Rome, just before the transition to republic, the third Etruscan king followed . I will.
Among them, the 7th King Tarquinius Spellbus Is a person who is good at tactics and war, and is a arrogant king . Was called. When he takes the throne, he takes a very aggressive approach, such as purging a former royal member. Moreover, Tarquinius did not take in the opinions of the Senate and the private assembly at all. From the above circumstances
"Rome has become a client state of Etruria"
It seems that there were many people who thought. Not surprisingly, you would have felt that the original rules of the founding of the country were broken by the Etruscans.
In this way, the atmosphere of overthrowing the royal government was created in Rome.
Expulsion of Tarquinius
Tarquinius Because he is strong against war, he often invaded neighboring countries. An incident occurs when he is invading his neighbor.
King's Son Sextus Threatened and insulted his relative's wife, causing his wife to commit suicide. Since he is the wife of a relative of the king, he is, of course, a super-powerful person. Her husband's friend and her cousin Brutus Knowing the circumstances
"You should expel the King's clan !!"
I will give a speech. Roman citizens were originally Tarquinius I am dissatisfied with this speech, so I tuned in to this speech and prevented the king from returning during the war. I closed the gate and kept it out of the way and kicked me out of Rome. By the way, the supporters of the king were also banished and Republic Rome It is moving to.
Sextus, who caused the incident, was killed in another incident, and Tarquinius, the last king, went into exile in the city of Etruscan. Later, he was repulsed by a republican target, but died in 495 BC.
Since the system changed from this royal government to a republic, the influence from Etruria has declined. Two consuls came to govern Roman politics.