Semi-automatic type
Manufacturer Springfield and Winchester are the main manufacturers
Date of creation 1936
Duration of service 1936 end of the century in certain African or Latin American countries
Ammunition 30-06 (7.62x63mm)
Mode of action gas borrow
rotary breech
Rate of fire 30 rounds/min
Velocity 853 m/s
Maximum range over 1000m
Practical range 400 m
Mass (unloaded) 4.7kg
Mass (loaded) 4.9 kg
Length 1092mm
Barrel length 610 mm
Capacity 8 Cartridges
Variants M1C, M1D
Garand
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Garand M1
Garand M1
Country United States
Semi-automatic type
Architecture
architecture
Manufacturer Springfield and Winchester are major manufacturers
Date Established 1936
Lifetime
duration_of_service
Ammunition 30-06 (7.62x63mm)
Mode of action gas operated
rotating bolt
Rate of fire 30 rounds/ min
Velocity 853 m/s
Maximum range
max_range
Practical range 400 m
Mass (unloaded) 4.7kg
Mass (loaded) 4.9 kg
Length 1092 mm
Barrel length 610 mm
Capacity 8 Cartridges
Sight
viewfinder
Variants M1C, M1D
Production
The M1 Garand is the first regulation semi-automatic rifle of the US Army. It replaces the Springfield 1903 and is the first semi-automatic rifle used in an army.
This rifle was created in 1936 by an employee of the Springfield factory named John Garand. It weighs approximately 4.9 kilograms and is reloaded by a clip of 8 cartridges of caliber .30-06 (7.62x63mm then available in 7.62 mm). This robust weapon receives a particularly favorable reception by the American troops. It offers good accuracy and a respectable rate of fire, compared to the then widespread German model (the manual repeating Mauser Karabiner 98k). It is easy to disassemble and clean. The only negative points:its ammunition capacity is limited to 8 rounds, the fact that the weapon could not be reloaded as long as there was ammunition in the fixed magazine and its weight. It is possible to attach rifle grenades to the end of the barrel.
It was produced nearly 5.5 million copies in the United States and Italy (by Breda and Beretta under license within the framework of NATO), including 4 million from 1936 to 1945. Its production ceased in 1957, replaced by the M14.
The Garand M1 rifle was also chambered in .308 Winchester caliber (7.62 X 51 NATO) with no other modification than the chambering itself, the length of the barrel and the total length both reduced by approximately 1.5 centimeters. It was adopted in this configuration by the Danemak at the end of the 1950s (the last manufacture of this weapon for military purposes, carried out in Italy by Beretta).
The production of this legendary rifle still persists in 2007, in a henceforth strictly civil vocation, and for very small series with a sporting vocation.
It should not be confused with the M1 carbine.
The inventor:Jean C Garand
The inventor of the M1 rifle is a French-Canadian naturalized American. It is this naturalization that makes John Cantius Garand (1888-1974) known worldwide as John Garand the American. Canada can therefore consider him as its Mikhail Kalashnikov (the designer of the AK-47).
US Regulatory Variants
The Garand is available in 3 versions to arm GIs:its basic version the M1 (described above) and two models for snipers, the M1C (M1E7) and the M1D (M1E8).
Most of the other variants (except the sniper ones) were never used in service. The M1C and M1D versions were not produced in large quantities. The M1C and M1D versions differ from the infantryman's M1 by the presence of a cheek rest and a sight (M84 model). A flash hider (model T-37) is adaptable. The M1C was adopted in June 1944 to replace the M1903A4.