The kingdom of the Cimmerian Bosphorus is a special case among the other Hellenistic kingdoms. Its history is intertwined with the Second Colonization, when Greeks from Miletus, as well as other cities, founded new cities on the shores of the Sea of Azov, then known as Lake Mayo and in the Crimea,
Americans were initially wary of the colonels movement. Papadopoulos assurances, a few days later, convinced them to let the situation develop. The reports of the American ambassador in Athens, Philip Talbot, are indicative. Talbot, in an interview with the National Herald newspaper, said the fol
The telegrams of the American ambassador in Athens, Philip Talbot, to the State Department had as a key point of reference, as early as the beginning of December 1967, the impending conflict between the king and the junta. Twice in the past few days Constantine expressed to me his concern about the
There are certain figures in history that, like passing stars, light up and disappear, but leave behind vivid memory. Katsantonis was such a figure. Antonis Makrygiannis was born in the village of Marathos of Agrafon. Some say, however, that he was born in Vastavetsi, Epirus. Sources do not agree on
In 533 AD Justinian assigned the general Belisarius to conquer the marauding state of the Germanic Vandals in North Africa. For this purpose he allocated only 5,000 cavalry and 10,000 infantry. Of the horsemen, 1,000 were Huns and Germans, 1,500 elite buccalarians, under John Troglitis, and the rest
Having prevailed over his internal rivals, the Persian king Darius decided to continue the expansionist policy of his predecessors. The Persian Empire was de facto an expansionist power. Each subjugated people meant for the respective Persian king new taxes, thus income for the maintenance of the ex
Sons of the Achaeans, Homer the Great calls the heroes of his epics, who started from the land of stone and light, Greece, to conquer the divine Ilios, the glorious city of Priam. But who were these sons of the Achaeans? The Achaeans were an Aeolian race. Scholars argue that the epithet indicates th
In 586 AD the Byzantine Empire and that of the Sassanid Persians were again at war. In 582 AD general Maurice had ascended the throne of Constantinople. Oromisdas IV did not reign in Ctesiphon. The war continued in different phases with the Persians having the initiative on the border of Mesopotamia
In 1684 the Venetians declared war on the Turks. Under Francesco Morosini the Venetians had significant successes from the start as the Turks fought hard against the Austrians and Poles in parallel. The Greeks in the Peloponnese were already in a revolutionary upheaval, a fact that the Turks reali
After his initial victories in the Peloponnese, in 1685, Morosini decided to expel the Turks from the entire region. For this purpose, during the winter Venice proceeded to recruit German mercenaries. He was also hired as commander-in-chief of the land forces in the Peloponnese forces the Swedish
In the Iliad Homer regularly shows divisions of heavy infantry being supported by fire of light infantry. The Orientals developed small formations of heavy infantry and archers and sparabara type formations (a formation where the men in the front line carried large shields and spears and everyon
In the liberation struggle of 1821 most deaths came from epidemics and not on the battlefield. The besieged of Messolongion, after the exhaustion of food reserves, were forced to consume all the domestic animals that existed, while some in their desperation resorted to necrophagy. They drank wate
In 1825 the situation for the Greeks, due to the civil conflicts and the incompetence of the administrators, had immediately become tragic. Ibrahim had landed in the Peloponnese, had crushed the Greeks at Kremmidi in Messinia, had also defeated Papaflessa and had conquered many castles, even Tripoli
Alexander the Great had transferred Greek culture to the reaches of Asia. In the valley of Fergana, in present-day Tajikistan, he had founded Alexandria Echati, on the Yaxarti river (present-day Sir Darya), which he colonized with Greeks. The local Greeks and locals lived under the Hellenistic ki
In 1596, as the Austrian-Turkish war was raging, the Greek archbishop of Achrid Athanasios planned the revolt of the Greeks in the area of his jurisdiction. Revolutionary ferments, centered on the Greek Himara, were underway as early as the 1570s through two Greek lords, Manthos Papagiannis and Pa
Already before the Fall of the City, the Antichrists expressed their preference for the Turkish conquest over the malicious Roman Catholics. It is not by chance that after the Fall, Mohammed II the conqueror chose as patriarch Gennadios Scholarios, a fanatical supporter of anti-Western policy, who d
After the establishment of the Arab caliphate, the Byzantine Empire found itself facing a fanatical and stubborn opponent on its eastern borders. The Arabs carried out destructive raids at regular intervals in Asia Minor throughout the 8th and 9th centuries in an attempt to spread, through jihad, ho
In 558 AD a strong force of Kotrigur barbarians (Bulgarian-Turkic race) under the leadership of Xavergan crossed the Danube and entered Byzantine territory. The Kotrigurs and their relatives the Uighurs were known to the Byzantines from their conflicts with the Lombards in Italy, when 12,000 barbari
The first battle of Zela was fought in 67 BC. between the forces of the Pontic king Mithridates VI and the Romans under Gaius Valerius Triarius. In the period 88 – 75 BC Mithridates fought twice against the Romans and was badly defeated. The third war began in 75 BC. The Romans enlisted the two l
After the overwhelming victory over the Persians at Gaugamela, Alexander wanted to complete the conquest of the easternmost provinces of the Persian empire. Alexander in the winter of 331-330 BC. had already conquered Susa. His aim was to move through the Royal Road towards Persepolis and Pasarga
Entry taken from the book The Plantagenets The war name of the Roses refers to the dynastic conflict that took place in England between 1455 and 1485 and that confronted the houses of York and Lancaster, rival branches of the Plantagenet dynasty. The name War of the Roses comes from the symbols of b
Although the chronological framework of the work that we are going to review is outside what is conventionally called Contemporary History and, therefore, would not have a place in a blog dedicated to this period, the importance of the work in question makes its review necessary.We refer to the late
The Imperial and Royal Army (Kaizerliche und Konigliche Armee or abbreviated K.u.K.), as it had been called after a Vienna agreement with the Hungarians, had always been the mainstay of the Habsburg dynasty. However, every change was now subject to the judgment of the Hungarian parliament and things
Herodotus recounts in his Nine Books of History that the women of Babylon had to go to the Temple of Milita to lose their virginity with the first man who gave a simple coin in exchange. There is no doubt that it is a good anecdote, especially based on the fact that a Greek like Herodotus must have