History of Uttar Pradesh modern period, itihas uttar pradesh, UP itihas aadhunik, UP history aadhunik, up history aadhunik kaal, aadhunik kaal ka itihas
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History of Uttar Pradesh Modern Period
After the death of Aurangzeb, a total of 8 Mughal rulers ruled the throne of Delhi in 50 years, by the year 1757, five independent states had been established in the present Uttar Pradesh. In the north of Meerut and Bareilly, a Pathan chieftain named Nazim Khan, Rohilkhand under Ruhelo in Meerut and Dua region, the region of the middle doab under the Nawab of Farukhabad, the present Oudh and eastern districts were ruled by the Nawab of Awadh, Bundelkhand and the Marathas. .
The struggle for the supremacy of all these states started with the influence of the Mughals in Delhi. The fate of North India was determined by the defeat of the Marathas, Jats and Rajputs at the Third Battle of Panipat in 1761, and by the East India Company in the Battle of Buxar (1764), by the defeat of Nawab Shuja-ud-daula of Ilai and Mir Qasim, the Nawab of Bengal. .
The British had extended till Allahabad. The Nawab of Awadh called the Marathas from Bundelkhand for help, but the Nawab and the combined army were defeated by the British army at Jajmau near Kanpur. The exiled Mughal Emperor Sah Alam of the East India Company was paid an annual tax of 26 lakhs from the revenue of Allahabad, and Kora (Allahabad, Kanpur, and Fatehpur) as well as from Bengal, while the Nawab of Awadh agreed to pay 50 lakhs to the British .
The British defeated the Marathas in the year 1773 at Rohilkhand and expelled them from the Doab. Allahabad was handed over to the Nawab of Awadh on the grounds that Sah Alam had handed it over to the Marathas. Ruhail Sardar Rahmat Khan was defeated by the British forces at Shahjahanpur in 1774 and handed over Rohilkhand to the Nawab of Awadh.
After the death of Shuja-ud-daula in the year 1775, Asaf-ud-daula became the Nawab of Awadh. Who handed over the suzerainty of the Banaras region to the British in a new treaty made with the British. At this time the Banaras region was under the control of Raja Chait Singh, when Raja Chet Singh had turned down the additional demand for military pieces and money in 1780, then Governor General Warren Hosting reached Banaras himself to teach a lesson to the king. By suppressing the Banaras rebellion under the leadership of Raja Chet Singh of the British, Mahip Narayan Singh was made the king of Benares, along with this the British rule over Banaras was ensured.
Asaf-ud-Daula died in 1797. After that his brother Saadat Ali became the Nawab of Awadh. He handed over the Allahabad fort to the British and also assured to give 76 lakh rupees per year to the East India Company in return for protection from the Brahmo invasion.
In the beginning of the 19th century in the province with the British, only the Banaras area (from the interior of Mirzapur) and the Allahabad Fort. In 1801, Saadat Ali of Awadh gave the Gorakhpur region, Rohilkhand region, Allahabad, Fatehpur, Kanpur, Etawah, Etah South Mirzapur, and Terai Pargana of Kumaun to the British in lieu of guarantee of security.
The Nawab of Farrukhabad gave his territory to the British the very next year. By this time Awadh was surrounded by British-ruled areas on all sides except the north. In 1803, Lord Lake defeated the Marathas and occupied Aligarh, Delhi and Agra. As a result of this war, the British captured Meerut, Agra, Delhi, the neighboring districts of Banda, Hamirpur, Jalaun, and Gwalior from the Marathas, but later the British returned Gohara and Gwalior Scindia. In the Gurkha war of 1816, the British also got Kumaon and Dehradun.
Till this time, this whole area remained a part of Bengal Presidency and it was ruled by the Governor General. It was separated from the Bengal Presidency and named Agra Presidency in 1833 and simultaneously a governor was also appointed. When this province was renamed as North West Province in 1836 and the areas of Agra, Jhansi, Jalaun as well as Delhi and Ajmer were also included in this province.
Later Marwar, Bundelkhand, and Hamirpur were also included in this. Oudh was also included in 1856. After the revolution of 1857, the area of Delhi was given to Punjab, some parts of Terai to Nepal, some areas of Bareilly and Moradabad, Nawab of Rampur and Sagar to Central Province. Marwar was transferred to the Government of India in Ajmer in 1871.