Brahmo Samaj
The Brahmo Samaj was founded by Raja Rammohun Roy on August 20, 1828 in Kolkata, with the aim of ending the evils prevalent in the then Hindu society. In 18-9 AD, the Persian language book Tuhfatul-ul-Muwahideen of Raja Rammohun Roy was published. Raja Rammohun Roy founded the Atmiya Sabha in 1814 AD and established the Hindu College in 1817 with the help of David Hare.
Raja Rammohun Roy composed the Precepts of Jesus in 18-20 AD, he also edited the dialogue Kaumudi. He started a movement against the practice of Sati and established Vedanta College in 1825 AD to promote western education. In 1830 AD, the Mughal emperor Akbar II sent Raja Ram Mohan Roy with the title of Raja as his messenger to the court of the then British Empire, William IV.
Prayer Society
Atmaram Pandurang founded the Prarthana Samaj in 1867 AD, Keshavchandra Sen was the source of inspiration for its establishment. Mahadev Govind Ranade and Aarti Bhandarkar also joined later.
Arya Samaj
Arya Samaj was founded by Swami Dayanand Saraswati in Bombay in 1875 AD. Swami Dayanand Saraswati was known as Mool Shankar in his childhood, his guru was Swami Virjanand. The main objective of Arya Samaj was to try to re-establish Vedic religion in a pure way, try to tie India in a religious, social and political thread and eliminate western influence. Swami Dayanand composed a book called Satyarth Prakash and gave the slogan Return to Vedas.
Ramakrishna Mission
Swami Vivekananda was the supreme disciple of Ramakrishna Paramhansa, who was called the lord of Dakshineswar. Vivekananda founded the Vedanta Society in New York in 1896. In 1897, Swami Vivekananda founded the Ramakrishna Mission. Its headquarter was established at Belur Math (Kolkata).
Theosophical Society
The Theosophical Society was founded in New York (USA) in 1875 AD by Madame Wlavtsky and Colonel Alcott. Came to India in January 1886 and established its headquarters near Adyar in Madras.
Social, Political and Cultural Movement
| organization | Founder | Foundation Year | organization | Founder | Foundation Year |
| Asiatic Society | William Johns | 1784 AD | Indian Association | Surendranath Banerjee | 1876 AD |
| Atmiya Sabha | Raja Rammohan Roy | 18 15 AD | Theosophical Society | Colonel Alcott and Madame Wlavtsky | 1882 AD |
| Youth Bengal Movement | Henri Derozio | 1826 AD | Indian National Conference | Surendra Banerjee | 1835 AD |
| Brahmo Samaj | Raja Rammohan Roy | 1828 AD | Indian National Congress | A O Hume | 1850 AD |
| Tatvabodhini Sabha | Devendranath Thakur | 1839 AD | Simple Brahmo Samaj | Shivnath Shastri | 1878 AD |
| British Public Meeting | Dadabhai Naoroji | 1843 AD | Ramakrishna Mission | Swami Vivekananda | 1897 AD |
| Manav Dharma Sabha | Durgaram Mansaram | 1844 AD | Abhinav Bharat Sanstha | VD Savarkar | in 1904 |
| Rahnubhai Majdyasna Samaj | Dadabhai Naoroji | 1851 AD | Servants of India Society | Gopal Krishna Gokhale | 1905 AD |
| Scientific Society | Sir Syed Ahmed Khan | 1862 AD | Muslim Gender | Aga Khan and Salimullah Khan | 1906 |
| East India Association | Dadabhai Naoroji | 1866 AD | Visva Bharati | Rabindra Nath Thakur | 1912 AD |
| Bharatiya Brahmo Samaj | Keshavchandra Sen | 1866 AD | Gadar Party | Lala Hardayal | 1913 AD. |
| Prayer Society | Keshavchandra, M G Ranade, Atmaram Pandurang | 1867 AD | Hindu Mahasabha | Madan Mohan Malviya | 1915 AD. |
| Puna public meeting | M G Ranade | 1867 AD | Khilafat Movement | Ali brothers | 1919 AD. |
| Veda Samaj | Sridharalu Naidu | 1871 AD | All India Trade Union | N M Joshi | 1920 AD, |
| Indian Society | Anand Mohan Bose | 1872 AD | Swaraj Party | Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das | 1923 AD |
| Satyashodhak Samaj | Jyotiba Phule | 1873 AD | Hindustan Republican Association | Sachindra Sanyal | 1927 AD |
| Arya Samaj | Swami Dayanand Saraswati | 1875 AD | Khudai Khidmatgar | Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan | 1927 AD, |
| Aligarh Mohammedan Aglo Oriental College | Sir Syed Ahmed Khan | 18 to 75 AD | Forward Block | Subhash Chandra Bose | 1939 AD. |
Annie Besant is credited with widely bringing the activities of this movement to India. In 1898 AD, Annie Besant established the Central Hindu College in Banaras, which later became the Banaras Hindu University.
Young Bengal Movement
Henry Vivian Derozio is credited with starting the Young Bengal movement in India. Anglo-Indian Derozio was a Hindu-college teacher in Kolkata. He established Academy Association and Society for the Exhibition of General Knowledge for self expansion and social reform. Derozio also edited a daily magazine called India.
Wahabi Movement
The chief of the Wahabi movement was Saint Abdul Wahab. The credit for spreading this movement the most in India is given to Syed Ahmed Barelvi and Mitti Aziz. The aim of this movement was to convert Dar-ul-Harab to Darul Islam. Its other leaders were Shah Waliullah and Karamat Ali.
Aligarh Movement
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Nazar Ahmed, Mohsin-ul-Mulk, and Chirag Ali were associated with it. Sir Syed Ahmed founded the Mohammedan Literary Society in 1863. Syed Ahmed edited the magazine Tehzeeb-ul-Akhlaq.
Deoband Movement
This movement was started by Mohammad Qasim, Nainotavi and Rashid Ahmed Gangohi, in Deoband, Saharanpur, 1866 – 67 AD, to prepare religious leaders for the Muslim community, to ban English education and Western culture in school courses. Abul Kalam Azad was associated with this movement.