In the current prefectures, there are [ prefectures in Osaka and Kyoto. ] Is attached, but 1868 At that time, there were 10 prefectures. However, August 29, 1871 In Abolition of the Clan The clan was abolished and became a prefectural system, which was reduced to 3 prefectures.
The local government, which has repeatedly consolidated and abolished since the Meiji Restoration, is 1972 . Okinawa was returned and Okinawa Prefecture was added, and it settled down to the current 47 prefectures.
In school lessons, version registration ⇒ abolition of the feudal clan I learned that the clan was abolished, but the Meiji government was established in 1868 after the Taisei Hokan was repatriated, and the abolition of the clan was actually carried out in 1871 . And there is a time lag of several years.
From the moment of 1868, it is not true that the clan has disappeared, and for the past few years, Fuhanken Sanchisei Was set up.
Therefore, this time, I will write about the transition of the local administrative system from the Meiji Restoration.
From Fuhanken Sanchisei to Abolition of the Clan
June 11, 1868 Five Oaths Based on the above, the courts under the direct control of the Tokugawa Shogunate after the Meiji Restoration were abolished due to the concentration of power of the Daijo-kan, the separation of powers, the provisions stipulating the election of officials, and the promulgation of the political body. The territory controlled by the castle, Kyoto Shoshidai, and magistrate [ prefecture ] Other than that [ prefecture ] Was decided.
A prefectural governor was appointed in the prefecture, and a prefectural governor was appointed in the prefecture.
July 25, 1869 Repatriation of version Three-way system established However, the clan also became a national administrative district, and the former feudal lords were appointed as slides by the domain governor. Unlike previous feudal lords, domain governor * Is local official appointed by the central government Therefore, the clan territory that controls is not a territory where the control is relieved, but is considered to be the [direct control] of the country.
* 1 This is something that has changed due to the reversion of the edition. * 2 feudal lord =domain governor
July 31 Hatamoto territory, temple and shrine territory, etc. are prefectural jurisdiction directives It has been decided that it will be under the jurisdiction of the nearest prefecture. Along with this, Hatamoto and others belonged to any of the prefectures, clan, and prefectures, and the Hatamoto scattered all over the country disappeared. Due to the time difference, the wisdom of the temple and shrine territory will be decided, and you will belong to the nearest prefecture, clan, or prefecture.
The Meiji government has strengthened control over the domain, and domain governor (former domain lord) When the freedom of the clan is deprived, the clan in each area becomes financially difficult [ I want to let go of the clan ], The domain governor came out. The government, which took this seriously, decided to reform the centralized system [ Abolition of the Clan . ], August 29, 1971 The clan was abolished and became a prefectural system.
The prefectures after the abolition of the feudal clan are 3 prefectures 302 prefectures It started from.
Please refer to this article for details on consolidation and abolition.
From prefectural system to postwar prefectural system
February 11, 1889 Meiji Constitution promulgated in Due to the constitutional system of the prefecture, the prefecture is officially legal as a local government [ prefectural system ] It came to be stipulated as.
Most of the prefectural governors were appointed by the emperor as bureaucrats of the Ministry of Interior. The prefectural council at that time had only the right to make financial resolutions, and its power was narrow. It seems that the meaning as was great.
And postwar 1946 In the reform of the local system in Japan, the governor's election system was introduced and democratization progressed, 1947 Current prefectural system due to the Local Autonomy Act of Migrated to.
Fu is a big city that becomes a base for military and political affairs
After the repatriation of the Taisei Hokan, the Meiji government will establish an important base that can become a military and political center under the direct control of the Shogunate. ] And managed as a direct control of the government.
The following is a list of prefectures established in 1868.
[Fu]
established in 1868| Installation prefecture name | Overview |
| Hakodate Prefecture | Abolished after the establishment of the pioneer |
| Edofu | Revised to Tokyo Prefecture 3 months after installation |
| Kanagawa | Later renamed to Kanagawa Prefecture |
| Kaifu | Renamed to Kofu Prefecture in 1869 |
| Echigo prefecture | Immediately renamed to Niigata prefecture, but renamed to prefecture the following year |
| Watarai | Renamed to Watarai prefecture the following year |
| Kyoto Prefecture | |
| Osaka | |
| Narafu | Initially it was a prefecture, but it was promoted to a prefecture, but it became a prefecture again |
| Nagasaki Prefecture | Renamed to Nagasaki Prefecture the following year |
The birth of Tokyo
1868 Kyoto Since the establishment of, up to 10 prefectures have been established. However, in just two to three months, Kanagawa, Kai, Nara, Tokai, Nagasaki The local system and boundaries have changed rapidly in place of prefectures.
1869 Tokyo (Edo) / Kyoto / Osaka , which has been the most important city since Edo We issued a Daijo-kan's decree stating that we would not call other cities the prefecture, and decided to treat them differently from other cities. Furthermore, the current 23 wards of Tokyo is Tokyo City . There was also a mayor who was treated as. To that end, Governor of Tokyo and Mayor of Tokyo Conflict of competence and dual administration It has been revealed.
However, July 1, 1943 because he said that he would stop dual administration and unite during the Pacific War. Tokyo Prefecture and Tokyo City have been integrated into [ Tokyo 】became.
Administratively [ Tokyo City ] Has disappeared, but it is unbearable to erase the traces, so the Tokyo flag inherits the former Tokyo city emblem, and the Tokyo city song is not abolished and remains as a city song. I am. Also, on October 1st, Tokyo Citizen's Day, you can still get a glimpse of the traces of Tokyo City, such as the day when Tokyo City was established.