The defense activities of Poles in September 1939 were doomed to failure from the very beginning. But although the Germans had a huge advantage in numbers and equipment, the conquest of our country did not come without problems. We present a subjective selection of the ten most important clashes in
They lied compulsively, spoke several languages, and the tan was part of the camouflage. They did not command large armies, rarely took part in open duels of powerful divisions, but they often traversed hundreds of kilometers of the desert alone. Not only Erwin Rommel earned the nickname the fox of
The screams of the fighters, the groans of the dying, the clash of arms and the fight to the last drop of blood, but for what? It turns out that people could fight for the proverbial golden underpants. Offended pride, neighborly aversion, the so-called scythe with another club - this is the second f
At least 48 operations, over 330 soldiers lost, 7,000 enemies killed or wounded, hundreds of plane wrecks left behind. In this style the soldiers of one of the most elite commando units today - SAS - were accelerating in their childhood (World War II). The beginnings were difficult - defective parac
Heinz Guderian believed that Germany could only afford a short war, because its modest reserves of strategic raw materials would soon be exhausted. That is why he developed the concept of armored forces capable of quick strikes. This is how blitzkrieg was born. Heinz Guderian has always been con
The poison gas cloud moved slowly, pushed by the morning summer wind. She killed everything in her path. So when the German soldiers walked along the path trodden by death, and the bullets and blades of their bayonets began to pierce their bodies unexpectedly, they thought that the dead had risen to
As early as June 1940, when German tanks crushed the French resistance on the other side of the English Channel, the British - aware of the strength of the Wehrmacht - began to look for non-standard methods of fighting the powerful enemy. One of them was to be illusion, the art of camouflage and dec
Eight huge concrete bunkers, the so-called The flakturme was built during the war in the most important cities of the Third Reich:Berlin, Hamburg and Vienna. The heaviest anti-aircraft guns were mounted at the top of the building. Their barrels were to deter and shoot down American Flying Fortresses
Today, the most famous mobile headquarters of the head of state is Air Force One. This powerful plane houses, among others the Cabinet of the President of the United States of America, the crisis command center, living quarters, and is a flying state management center. Before the machine with this c
Why is the battle for the Ardennes still stirring up emotions in the West? Was it because it could change the fate of the war? Or maybe because 20,000 Americans were taken prisoner then? December 16, 1944 at At 5.30 am with an artillery barrage of two thousand guns, the German offensive in the Ard
Flying sailors appeared on board German submarines in the second half of the war. They were trained to pilot an unusual flying machine - a wind glider. The Bachstelze, because that was the name of this invention, could be folded in a few minutes and released on a rope over a flowing u-boat. Why was
Julius Caesar won 48 out of 50 battles fought, one of the highest scores attributed to historical commanders. How did he do it? About Gaius Julius Caesar, it can certainly be said that he was ambitious. Perhaps even a bit too much. At thirty-one years old, as described by Plutarch, he was to say
The expedition to Ukraine was primarily political. The conquest of Kiev came about by accident, although it is often compared to the achievements of Bolesław the Brave. The seizure of the Ukrainian capital was to be the icing on the cake of a much wider operation. Its main goal was to maintain a
The Operation Vistula carried out in 1947 was justified by the fact that the army had to cut off the UPA from the supplies that the local population eagerly provided. In fact, it was only a false pretext and the Ukrainian insurgents were not very popular at all. Forced migrations of people from
He had no combat experience. He did not graduate from the military engineering school. He didnt even know the English language. How is it possible that the American Congress almost immediately entrusted him with the task of building revolutionary fortifications? Tadeusz Kościuszko, seeing no pro
It is said that the Ukrainians displaced in 1947 faced economic advancement because they found themselves in better developed lands. Meanwhile, 75% of the farms in which they were settled were destroyed, while 30% required complete reconstruction. What happened to their own homes? Operation Vist
After this operation, the whole world heard about the Polish special unit. The capture of the oil platform at the Umm Kasr port in 2003 was one of the key maneuvers that opened the way for the coalition forces to Iraq. GROM did a great job - although until the last second it was not known if everyth
They feared and feared wherever they went. Their crimes fill the darkest pages of the history of World War II. These ruthless killers have thousands of lives on their conscience. Where did the most infamous division in history come from - the Dirlewangiers? During the Second World War, many crim
The communist authorities of Poland achieved almost complete success. They carried out mass deportations of Polish citizens in Operation Vistula, then denationalized them, persecuted them and kept them under constant surveillance in order to intimidate them. But was it even necessary to fight the UP
He was second to none on the battlefield. However, his great talent manifested itself not only in the right decisions, but also in the words with which he kidnapped soldiers into battle, and also ... dragged enemies to his side! Apart from his commanding talent, Jan Karol Chodkiewicz also showed
Cosimo de Medici, known as the Elder, portrayed by Pontormo The birth of Cosimo de Medici, known as the Elder , lord of Florence and grandfather of Lorenzo the Magnificent , is in some respects shrouded in mystery. Not only and not so much for the date, whose year, 1389 , it seems to
Fighter of the Vendée The following is a critical article that I wrote some time ago for the news.it portal on the massacre of the Vendée, one of the bloodiest pages of the French Revolution , considered by many historians to be the first genocide of the modern era. Happy reading. Symbo
Ancient Greeks in the kitchen The ancient Greeks called it artolagano , we could define it as a sort of white pizza perfect to accompany many dishes:below is the recipe. Ingredients: 1/2 Kg. of flour, 25 gr. of yeast, a few tablespoons of olive oil, 100 gr. of lard, a little white wine
The best president in the history of Warsaw was ... a Russian - general Sokrates Starynkiewicz. He ruled in the years 1875–1892. He was said to have brought the capital from the 18th century to the 20th century. Varsovians still use the sewage system built during his tenure. The general - then r