1. Monotheism: Judaism is a monotheistic religion, which means Jews believe in one God. This is expressed in the Shema, a central prayer in Judaism that states: "Hear, O Israel: The Lord is our God, the Lord is One."
2. Covenant: Jews believe in a special covenant between God and the Jewish people. This covenant is based on the Torah, the sacred texts of Judaism, which are believed to have been given by God to Moses on Mount Sinai. Jews believe that they have a responsibility to follow the commandments and laws set out in the Torah. This covenant also implies a bond between Jews, a sense of shared history, values, and destiny.