Exercises on the emergence of the bourgeoisie

(FMTM) The growth of commerce and cities in the Late Middle Ages:

1. consolidated feudal structures such as the subsistence economy and suzerainty.
2. expanded agricultural activities, with the decline in the use of currency in exchanges.
3. has given rise to a new social group, linked to craft and mercantile activities.
4. allowed the development of free work, free from any restrictions.
5. created such an adequate infrastructure that it provoked an intense rural exodus.

(UFRN) The growth of cities has been a phenomenon in Western Europe since the 11th century. Addressing the issue, Pierre Vilar states:

“Cities depended on lords. But they were stronger than the villages to argue with their masters, rebel, obtain or impose 'letters of franchise'. Collectively, they continued to be linked to the feudal system [...]. But in their territory, and especially within the enclosure within the wall, the inhabitants were free and participated in the collective organization.”

VILLA, Pierre. From feudalism to capitalism . São Paulo:Contexto, 1992, p. 39.

Reflecting on this statement, it can be concluded that:

1. the residents of the city enjoyed significant autonomy, even subject to the authority of the lords, who charged them fees.
2. the peasants of the medieval village imposed on the feudal lords a document that guaranteed political autonomy to the community.
3. city dwellers have freed themselves from numerous obligations, including that of participating in craft corporations.
4. urban populations were isolated by walls that prevented them from establishing socioeconomic relations with the feudal world.

The formation of the bourgeoisie as a social class is related to some changes that took place during the Low Middle Ages. Which of the alternatives below is not part of these changes?

1. Growth of cities.
2. Strengthening crafts.
3. Growth of Commerce
4. Creation of the steam engine.
5. Development of banking activities.

Analyze the statements below:

I - With the , several activities were developed in the cities, moving the local economy, and among the activities was industrialization

II - Commercial activities, banking and fairs led to rapid urban development; thus, a security structure was created that ensured the execution of commercial business.

III - The artisanal activity that initially stood out in the cities was metallurgical production, mainly, and all production was organized by the so-called craft corporations.

IV - The employees or workers of the Corporaciones de Ofícios were called day laborers and generally lived in the master's house. In the workshops there were also apprentices, young people who wanted to pursue a profession related to handicrafts.

Now, indicate the alternative:

1. if alternatives II and IV were correct.
2. if alternatives I, II and IV were correct.
3. if alternatives I, III and IV were correct.
4. if alternatives I and III were correct.
5. if alternatives III and IV were correct.

Letter C .

The growth of commerce and cities contributed to the weakening of feudal structures, as pointed out in A . Even though it contributed to the expansion of agricultural activities, there was no decline in the use of currency, as stated in B . Free labor, performed under contract, is a feature of capitalism, which invalidates D . Urban growth has not been accompanied by an improvement in the infrastructure of cities, as written in E .

Letter A .

The peasants failed to impose any documents on the lords, invalidating B . C is incorrect, as there was no release in relation to the craft corporations. The D is wrong because the walls were really used to defend cities.

Letter D . The steam engine was a consequence of bourgeois activities in a moment of consolidation of its social force and not in the period of its formation.

Letter A .

The I is incorrect in stating that there was industrialization during the urban renaissance. The III is also incorrect for placing metallurgy as its main activity.