Exercises on Anti-Semitism

(Fatec - SP) “Until September 1944, there were no children in Auschwits:they were all gassed on arrival. After that date, entire families of Poles began to arrive:all of them were tattooed, including the newborns.”

LEVI, Cousin. The Drowned and the Survivors . Rio de Janeiro:Peace and Earth, 1990. p. 71-72.

The text above refers to:

1. to the so-called holocaust of the Palestinian people.
2. the so-called holocaust of the Jewish people.
3. World War I and Anchluss politics.
4. World War II and the politics of Anchluss.
5. to the terror portrayed by the Palestinian Levi as he saw his people being dominated by the British.

(UFU) The following statement, written by a Polish researcher in 1985, recalls moments of her adolescence among Jews in Warsaw. Excerpt 1:late 1930s; excerpt 2:mid-1940s.

Excerpt 1

"At that time, it was difficult for anyone to enter the medical school at the University of Warsaw - for a Jewish girl or boy, it was almost impossible. had come to adopt total exclusion, there was nevertheless a clear unofficial restriction on the number of Jews admitted as students, especially in courses that prepared liberal professionals, such as medicine."

Excerpt 2

"The guards force more and more people in, until it's hard to breathe. Children scream, men curse and swear, one person becomes hysterical.

- Let's get these three Jewish girls out! - suddenly exclaims a woman. - We'll be much better off without them.

A strong reprimand makes her shut up.

- One more word - a maimed man says harshly - and you'll be thrown out."

BAUMAN, Janina. "Winter in the Morning. A Young Girl in the Warsaw Ghetto". Rio de Janeiro:Jorge Zahar Editor, 2005, p. 17 and 198.

Considering the narrative presented and the context to which it refers, mark the correct alternative.

a) The Nazi persecution of Jews did not initially cause much surprise, as different anti-Semitic practices were common in everyday life in various parts of Europe.

b) Catholicism and Anglicanism were very widespread in Poland at that time. This fact justified the strong prejudice against other religions, even before the emergence of Nazism.

c) The coexistence between practitioners of different religions is undesirable, especially in regions with traditional cultures or in heavily populated spaces, due to the risk of violence.

d) Hostilities, restrictions and persecutions are always remembered by writers who lived through the Holocaust, but are not repeated today due to the great religious tolerance.

“The existence of a specific hatred directed against Jews predates the modern era and the creation of the term anti-Semitism . Among its most common and destructive manifestations are the pogroms , a Russian word that describes massive attacks of violence against Israelis, often backed by government officials. The pogroms were often sparked by “blood libels,” false rumors that Jews used the blood of Christian children in their rituals.”

Taken from:ushmm.org – Encyclopedia of the Holocaust

According to the text above, indicate the incorrect alternative about anti-Semitism.

1. The origins of the aversion to Jews lie in the question of the religious differences that were established between Jews and Christians in antiquity.
2. In the process of formation of the Iberian kingdoms, we can see that the Reconquista not only marked the expulsion of the Arabs from that territory, but also the persecution or forced conversion of Jews into “new Christians”.
3. Christians said that the practitioners of Judaism would have a dubious nature, as they would be directly responsible for the death of Jesus.
4. Because they did not belong to a state of their own, the Jews were prejudicedly seen as “profiteers” who roamed the countries, interested in appropriating national wealth.
5. The anti-Semitic issue was overcome with the creation of the State of Israel, in the Palestine region. The occupation made by the Jews of this territory occurred in a fraternal way with the Palestinian Arabs who were there before the formation of the Jewish State.

Read below an excerpt from an interview given by the former president of Iran, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, to Newsweek magazine, in which he exposes his views on the Jewish Holocaust.

“In World War II, many crimes were committed. More than 60 million people were killed and more than that became refugees. The question I have is, why in the midst of all that happened in World War II, is the Holocaust emphasized more than any other [event]? The second question is, why are Western politicians so focused on this issue? If the event took place, where did it take place, who were responsible and what is the role of the Palestinians? What crime did they commit to deserve what they received as a result? What is their role in the Holocaust? We see the Holocaust as a pretext to commit genocide against the Palestinian people.”

Taken from:blog.estadao – What Ahmadinejad says about the Holocaust

The speech by the former president of Iran was used by the Western press as an assertion that Ahmadinejad denied the existence of the Holocaust. This stance is also presented as a new aspect of:

1. Zionism.
2. anti-Semitism.
3. Bolshevism.
4. Judaism.

Letter B . The concentration camps created by the Nazis during the 1930s and 1940s served to exterminate a large part of the population of Jewish origin who lived in Germany and in conquered territories – a historical phenomenon known as the Jewish holocaust. However, it was not just Jews who were victims of the Nazis, as gypsies and homosexuals were also killed in these places.

Letter A . Anti-Semitism has developed in Europe since antiquity, when the Romans occupied Palestine and expelled the Jews there. After this fact and mainly during the Middle Ages, Christians antagonized the Jews, developing an opposition that would contribute to the anti-Semitic ideology of Nazism.

Letter E . Contrary to what the alternative claims, anti-Semitism was intensified with the creation of the State of Israel in Palestine. This was mainly due to the fact that the State of Israel expanded its territory through wars that expelled Palestinians from lands inhabited by their ancestors for centuries.

Letter B . The speeches made by the former president of Iran were taken as an example of anti-Semitism, as he condemned the practice of expulsion of Arabs from Palestinian territory by the State of Israel.