Exercises on the Spanish Civil War

(Fuvest) In his famous Guernica panel, Picasso recorded the tragic destruction of this Basque city by:

a) attacks by Nazi troops during World War II;

b) Spanish Republicans supported by the Soviet Union during the Civil War;

c) French Army forces during World War I;

d) Spanish government troops to quell the revolt of Basque separatists;

e) bombing of German aviation in support of General Franco against the republicans.

(Enem) The International Brigades were units of combatants formed by volunteers of 53 nationalities willing to fight in defense of the Spanish Republic. It is estimated that around 60,000 citizens from various parts of the world – including 40 Brazilians – have joined these units. Despite being coordinated by the communists, the Brigades had socialist, liberal and other political-ideological members.

SOUZA, I.I. The European Civil War. Living History, no. 70, 2009 (fragment).

The Spanish Civil War expressed the ongoing disputes in Europe in the 1930s. The common political perspective that promoted the mobilization described was the

a) criticism of Stalinism.

b) fight against fascism.

c) rejection of federalism.

d) support for corporatism.

e) adherence to anarchism.

The Spanish Civil War was a conflict that took place between 1936 and 1939 in Spain and resulted in approximately 500,000 deaths. The two sides of the conflict – nationalists and republicans – vied for control of power in Spain, and the conflict started after the coup carried out by the nationalists. With the victory of the Nationalists, General Francisco Franco assumed Spanish power (a position he held until his death in 1975).

The Spanish Civil War was part of the context of the 1930s of:

a) radicalization of the political debate between left and right

b) overthrow of monarchism

c) defense of anti-religious movements

d) defense of democracy

e) combating international communism from McCarthyism

The Spanish Civil War became known because of its internationalization, which mobilized thousands of people in various parts of the world to join the Spanish struggle. The International Brigades stood out, fighting against the nationalist troops of General Franco, who, in turn, had the support:

a) military of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy.

b) finance from the American government, which sent millions of dollars to fight the advance of communism in Spain.

c) Francoist forces did not have international support.

d) of Portuguese Salazarism, exclusively.

e) of the Soviet Union, which was fighting the growth of Trotskyist troops in Spain.

Letter E

The painting painted by Pablo Picasso portrayed the destruction of the city of Guernica after the bombing of the city by the Luftwaffe , the war aviation of the Germans. The bombing was used by Germany as a testing ground for the developed planes, in addition to giving wartime experience to the pilots. It is estimated that around 300 people died during the bombing.

Letter B

The International Brigades were formed by troops who spontaneously joined the struggle in Spain and were part of the leftist tendency at the time to combat the growth of fascism. With the Spanish Civil War, these brigades mobilized to defeat General Franco's fascist forces.

Letter A

The radicalization of political debate in the 1930s that took place in Spain and resulted in the Spanish Civil War was an international trend, in which communism fought fascism and vice versa. In the Spanish case, this political radicalization caused a conflict supported by the great international forces that represented fascism and communism:Franco's nationalists received support from Germany, Italy and Portugal (fascist nations), and the republicans received support from the Soviet Union, which , while fighting against fascist troops, he also fought anarchist and trotskyist troops within republican forces.

Letter A

When starting the conflict, immediately Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy expressed their support for Francoist fascism, providing military support and men against republican troops. General Franco also had the support of Portugal, which also had a government aligned with fascism.