Wat Wiang

Terrain

General condition

Wat Wiang archaeological site Located on a large sandbar, about 3 km long from the north to the south, 500 meters wide, 3 -4 meters above sea level and 1 -2 meters higher than the surrounding area. southeast side It is about 5 kilometers from the present coastline. In the middle of the sand dunes are scattered places of worship, namely Wat Wiang, Wat Long, and Wat Kaew. It is believed that Wat Wiang is the center of the city (Nongkran Srichai, 2000, 169). Wat Wiang appears along the moat and the current city wall is almost completely destroyed. Wat Wiang is currently a temple where monks live in the Buddhist Lent. The archaeological site of Wat Wiang The temple's viharn was built over so that the original archaeological site was not visible.

Height above mean sea level

Waterway

The canal associated with Wat Wiang archaeological site is Khlong Chaiya, passing through the southeastern part.

Geological conditions

Geological features of Surat Thani It is in the same group as the Eastern Seaboard Plains. with the germination of the land from river sediments The prevailing wind and sea water cause the plains to sink rivers and sand dunes, many of which are new sandbar ridges that were formed during the Holocene about 11,000 years ago (Thailand Archeology Project (Southern) Division, Archeology Division, Fine Arts Department, 1983). ,1-4)

Archaeological Era

era/culture

Archaeological age

Types of archaeological sites

archaeological essence

Archeological operations at Wat Wiang, there are excavations in the area of ​​the Pa Mo shrine or where the inscriptions of Wat Wiang Lak 24 and 24 Kor were found in 1917 and 1970, excavation of Wat Wiang archaeological site in the year B.E. During the years 1929 and 1970 and the excavation of Wat Wiang archaeological site in 1981 found archaeological evidence found in important Wat Wiang as follows:

1. The foundations of the buildings were excavated by the Fine Arts Department 8 in 1970. The results of the excavations could not be determined what type of buildings they were. Due to the construction of the temple's viharn in later periods

2. The foundation of the Phra Mor Shrine in the northwest of the temple It has the foundation of a small brick building. The villagers call the Phra Mor Shrine or the Pa Mo Shrine as the place where the 24th main inscription, 24th verse and 25th digit inscription were found.

Important antiquities found at Wat Wiang include the 24th and 24th main stone inscriptions mentioning Phra Chanthaphanu. Sri Thammarat, the ruler of the city under the blessing link of the Pathumwong Dynasty, the 25th main inscription or the bronze Naga Buddha image. at the base there is an inscription The age is set in the 18th Buddhist century, Khmer art, inscription at the base indicating the 1726 era, mentioning King Srimatrailokayaraj Mali Phusanaworamtheva, who gave the great stewards who guarded the city of Karhilo. gilded bronze Buddha images, red sandstone Buddha images Ayutthaya period art Srivijaya artisans of 7 amulets on the temple and the results of the excavation in 1981 assumed that the Wiang temple area was the residence of the community during the 17th-18th Buddhist century. Traditional pottery was found with pressed patterns. Stamped and painted in white clay color Chinese porcelain from the Song and Yuan dynasties Lopburi wares Glass beads and glass beads make up the stone. terracotta bullets, etc.

From the evidence shown above It is assumed that the area of ​​Wat Wiang was the center of the community or the residence of the community during the 17th-18th Buddhist centuries.

Relevant local legend :

folk tales, stories about "Father-in-law Padman" said patch the doctor and patch man. Two brothers are Indians. Take a sailing boat to Chaiya town. Landed with his servants at Ban Na Khai at Na Mueang Temple in Lamet Subdistrict Patcho is a master craftsman with knowledge of construction engineering, having his hands and feet cut off when the relics were completed. and could not withstand the poison of the wound, he died The patch had his hands and feet cut off because the city lord didn't want Patch Doctor to build another ancient site. When the patch is dead Therefore, the idea was to cast the image of Phra Avalotikaworn as a symbol of his identity. Parman reigned on the island of Phaman and settled until his death. The place where Paman lived was a non-flooding area, surrounded by rice fields, covering an area of ​​1 rai. In the past, it was very privileged. villagers respect The Manorah group travels through and has to perform an offering dance.

Some legends say that the Indians who came to Chaiya at that time had four brothers, namely Pa Mo, Pa Man, Pawe, and Pahum. When the relics were completed His hands were cut off and his feet were cut off and could not stand the venom of the wound, so he died. Other constructions that Patch had built include:Wat Kaew and Wat Long Wat Kaew has a stabbing pattern and a puzzle that “Wat Kaeo Sri Thammasokrat has been built. Dig and shine four feet Stepping on the mouth of Phaniang Thong, whoever thinks of having to eat will never end up eating.”

The place of residence of the patch It is assumed that this is the area of ​​the big Samrong tree next to Wat Wiang. Area where the court is located It is considered a sacred place until now (Pathum Chumphenphan, 1976,20 -21)

Related inscription :

1. Key inscription No. 24 (Sor. 24)

Where to find it :Laying in the area of ​​the Pa Mor Shrine, about 3 cubits north.

Age:1773 B.E. ?

Language :Khmer inscription, Sanskrit language, 2 sides, first side 16 lines

Material made:Carved on slate in the shape of a parapet, width 47 cm., height 181 cm., thickness 14 cm.

Translation:There are 2 expressions

The first idiom is translated by Professor Yacht Seday said that

Sawati

Lord of the city according to the blessing link His conduct was beneficial to Buddhism. He descended from a prosperous family, Pathumwong, was shaped like a Gama Buddha. which is as beautiful as the moon He is wise in science like Phra Thammasokarat is the head of the family.... His name was Sri Thammarat.

Srisawasati

God who rules the city according to the blessing link is a patron of the Pathumwong family His hand is powerful....with the power of the merit which He has done to all human beings. His image as the sun the moon and famed glory in all the world His name was Phra Chao Chanthaphanu Srithammarat when the Kaliyuk 4332......... (1773 AD) (The Fine Arts Department, 1986 volumes 4,146)

The second idiom translated by Professor Saeng Monwitoon

Hello, great monk in Tamporn Link. He bestowed the supreme beauty of Indra. His Highness was born for people who had been ruled by low nations to be bright and prosperous. In fact, he is a dharmarat like the moon. sun and cupid with complete intelligence He is supreme over all royal families.

Hello His Majesty Be the big one in following the blessing link. He ruled the Patama family until being called Bhimsen. He was born because of the power of human merit. (It's a human merit to have this king)

His dignity spread throughout the world. Just like the power of the moon and the sun, therefore he named the throne that Chandraphanu is a dharma king of glory.

Wishing you eternal blessings with loyalty which is like engraved in a stone slab 4332 (Prasert Na Nakhon, 1978,450 – 451)

2. Key inscription No. 24 (a) or Sor. 3

Location:Found near the city wall.

Age :Determined around the 18th Buddhist century

Language :Khmer inscription, Pali language, 1 side, 15 lines

Material made:engraved on slate Square shape, width 31 cm. height 70 cm., thickness 12 cm.

Translation :Translated by Mr. Cha-em Kaewklai

....Another thing... (people) those who have decorations... (people) all ten subjects (born) with the intention that is dear to the noble Shina in all times... All five are the knowledge of the beloved. Those who come to Sangkasana City.... by all means ...Those nine people are wise and have a desire according to their terms...Eight of them All ten were believers as they thought…sometimes… both ten and eight… on the other hand, all fifty-five people gathered together. who has spoken would be innocent Like a holy god who finds no sorrow....the ten objects together with various items that are not defined as many objects for alms It speaks of the dignity of the Dharma-Raja Master...those groups...who conform to the company have already heard the news....(silpakorn, Krom, 1986, Volume 4, 149)

3. The 25th main inscription, inscribed on the base of the Buddha image (Bronze) in the subduing Mara posture.

Location:Found at Wat Wiang Chaiya District

Age:Specify the era of 1726.

Language :Inscriptions are in Khmer language.

Materials made:Inscribed on the base of the Naga Prok Buddha image (Bronze) in the attitude of subduing Mara

Translation :

“.....In the year 1105, the zodiac has a royal decree Kamradeng An Maharaj Sri Matrailokayarat Mauli Phutthawat Deva, 3rd lunar month, Chetthamas (7th month) on Buddha day, for the Maha Chancellor Klanai, who guards the city of Garhi, Arathana, Morteng, Sriyano, to do (Buddha) This bronze statue weighs 1 burden, 2 tula, gold (covered) costs 10 taels, established (this Buddha image) for the great people who have faith to bless and worship here. In order to reach Sanphetchayan..." (Silpakorn, Department, 1986, volume 4, 120)