Wat Kutirai N.1

Terrain

General condition

Wat Kutirai is located on the north side of the Si Satchanalai City Wall moat outside the city and is located along the Yom River. The Yom River is to the east of the temple. The temple faces south. parallel to the Yom River There are two large amulet arches or mondops. In front of the amulet arch is a church around the area. There is an amulet arch in a glass wall. On the handle in the east are three chedi, the arch is slightly smaller. in front of the temple And on the west side, there are about 9 chedi.

Most of Sukhothai Province is a plain. The north and south of the province are characterized by plateaus. Khao Luang is the highest mountain. Measured from sea level, it has a height of about 1,200 meters, with a long mountain range on the west side. The central area of ​​the province is a plain. The Yom River flows from north to south. through Si Satchanalai District Sawankhalok District Si Samrong District Mueang Sukhothai District and Kong Krailas District The period that flows through Sukhothai is approximately 170 kilometers long.

Si Satchanalai is located in the northernmost part of Sukhothai Province. having territories adjacent to neighboring territories as follows:

1. North:connects to Wang Chin and Denchai districts. (Phrae Province)

2. East:connects to Laplae and Tron districts. (Uttaradit Province)

3. South, connects to Srinakhon District Sawankhalok District and Thung Saliam district

4. The west is connected to Thoen District. (Lampang Province)

​Si Satchanalai Ancient City The geography of the city is a plain at the foot of Khao Phra Si and Khao Yai on the west side. and the Yom River is on the east side.

Height above mean sea level

Waterway

Yom River

Geological conditions

Geological features in Si Satchanalai District The condition is Shale, Olive or Gray to Dark Gray, found in large pieces from the area. In addition, it was found that limestone (Limestone) pale color, fine texture, inserted in the middle of Huai Mae San watershed as well.

The agronomic characteristics It is almost all residual soil. Because most of the area is a mountainous area with steep slopes. Therefore, this soil unit is classified as a slope complex. The resulting soil is a stationary soil with relatively good soil development. These soils have mixed forests. cover in general The humidity is quite high.

Archaeological Era

era/culture

Archaeological age

Types of archaeological sites

archaeological essence

Wat Kutirai It is located outside the city wall of Si Satchanalai on the north side. About 50 meters from the door of Tao Mo to the north, along the road from Si Satchanalai Archaeological City to the Sangkhalok Kiln Study and Conservation Center No. 61, in front of the temple facing south. There is no evidence of documents and inscriptions about the temple's construction.

A group of ancient sites comprising 2 buildings and 5 pagodas, details are as follows:

1) The compound of Building No. 1 is on the roadside. square shape built with laterite Both the front and the back extending the package into the lower roof. In the four corners of the chamber, serrated right angles come out as fins, helping to strengthen the first one. The wall of the mansard is very thick. The roof uses laterite to form squares together to form a gable imitating woodwork. Reduce the first floor. The gable area has a notch to connect to the roof of the building in front. In front of the Mondop, there is a lotus petal-shaped arch that is the entrance to the interior. which is enshrined a sitting stucco Buddha image At present, the Buddha is no longer visible. At the back of the mandop, there is a garland or a Buddha image attached to the mandop. It is located on the auxiliary base which is next to the base of the chapel.

The base of the Mondop is a lotus base that supports the building, which is a straight wall. Due to maintaining the height proportion of the wall, the base in the protruding part of the front and rear roof is higher than the base that supports the canopy. At the base of the canopy is a lotus facing upward decorated with 2 chicken breast beads spaced apart. And the lower roof at the back is a facing head decorated with a single row of plexiglass. Ambush in front is a two-storey stacked facade, the level of the column's head is the same height

The building in front of the Mondop Made of laterite as the base of 5 rooms, there is a porch overhanging in front of another room. Originally there was a tiled roof connected to the mondop. From the excavations in the years 1965 – 1969 found a piece of slate parapet around it. It is assumed that this building is probably the church of this temple.

construction techniques It is a load-bearing wall system. built with laterite The English Bond balcony is used to form an overlapping roof in the middle, about 9 rows of the upper floor, facing laterite. The craftsmanship of laterite construction and laterite stirrup preparation for lotus bases or marbles is quite intricate. But later laterite was added to correct the proportions and had to be plastered in several layers.

2) The compound of building No. 2 is located on the opposite side of the compound of building No. 1, the floor plan is rectangular. The front extends into a column of two arches. The back wall is reduced to a deep plane to set up a rectangular platform, which was originally where the Buddha image was enshrined. Inside the room behind the Buddha image, smooth plaster. The side walls are slanted out according to the shape of the Buddha image and curved into the shape of the Buddha image. Even if there is no recess to receive the canopy or lower deck. but still able to solve the problem of reducing the roof layer both front and back There is a lifting of the wall in all 4 corners. It is a wall column that corresponds to the lowering of the roof. The slightly lowered roof allows the roof shape to be compact and harmonious with the volumetric contours of the square bar. and the soft curves of the roof matched the wooden roof of the temple. This can be seen from the holes of the structures behind the eyes that appear.

The base of the Mondop is a lotus base. The lower wall of the wall into a groove decorated with the edge of the wall like a grille. The roof is a lotus facing up. The lower level is decorated with plexiglass but the main roof is higher. The problem was solved by adding another row of breast beads and the bottom row of breast beads was continuous. This makes it possible to keep the wall in a square frame. The front facade, which is overlapping on two floors, has the same height of the pillars of the facade. but solved the problem by adding a short pillar Get the upper deck the appearance of the facade It is an arch with wavy and curved palms. The stucco appears slightly. The head of the arch is decorated with 3 rows of plexiglass and the foot of the arch is decorated with 2 rows of plexiglass and 2 rows of cornices.

construction techniques It is a load-bearing wall system. built with laterite Most use the English Bond balcony (English Bond). The roof is overlapping, the last 3 floors are facing out. In general, the craftsmanship is very meticulous. Even the small decorations had well prepared laterite stirrups. The cement is plastered very thinly. and did not find the part that was plastered with several layers of thick plaster. or the problem of correcting proportions at all.

Chedi Rai is behind the Mondop consisting of Building No. 1, totaling 4 parts, the base of the chedi in the shape of a square, the upper part is completely destroyed, and the other 2 is behind the Mondop, consisting of Building No. 2, but has not been excavated and restored.