Nang Usa Pond

Terrain

General Condition

Nang Usa Pond is an ancient site in the group of Wat Pho Ta - Son-in-law. which is a group of ancient sites in the plains area of ​​the northern ridge of Phu Phra Bat Surrounding the ancient site is a forest.

Nang Usa pond is located next to the stream. near U-Sa or to the west of Nang Usa Hall The appearance of the pond rising from the stone courtyard floor

Phu Phra Bat is a small sandstone mountain. A child in the Phu Phan mountain range or Phu Phan Kham. The average height above sea level is about 320-350 meters. The west of the mountain is steep. and cant descend to the east.

Phu Phan or Phu Phan Kham is a sandstone mountain range that lies in the north-south direction. in the west of Udon Thani Province and Sakon Nakhon Basin

The general condition of Phu Phra Bat is sparse forest. There are natural vegetation types such as hardwood trees, maka wood, red wood, Ching Chang wood, Pradu wood, and deciduous dipterocarp trees. On Phu Phra Bat, there are many open stone terraces, rocks and sandstone sheds scattered around. caused by the action of water and wind on the sandstone.

Because there are quite a lot of hardwood covered. Together with many other natural plants, Phu Phra Bat is classified in the National Reserved Forest Area, “Pah Khuean Nam”, and is the source of many streams such as Huai Hin Lat, Huai Dan Yai, Huai Hin Rong, Huai Nang Usa and Huai Khok Khat. which flows into the east, confluence with the Mekong River at Tha Bo District Nong Khai Province

The plains surrounding the mountains are mainly cultivated for rice and cassava. The eastern valley of Phu Phra Bat is the largest valley characterized by undulating plains. Most of the area is cultivated for rice and cassava. This valley is commonly known as Lup Phan.

Height above mean sea level

Waterway

Huai Hin Lat, Huai Dan Yai, Huai Hin Rong, Huai Nang Usa, Huai Khok Khad, Huai Mong, Mekong River

Geological conditions

Phu Phra Bat is a sandstone hill. Phu Phan rock group of Korat rock group Cretaceous period, 140-66.5 million years old, in the Phu Phan Noi mountain range The western edge of the plateau Found a thick layer of sandstone. and gravel sand And the oblique level is generally different shapes. formed from sandstone and gravel sand have different texture The highly durable rock layers protrude into rock sheds. or a layer of rock overlaid on top The less durable rock layers will erode. or being eroded or is a concave part under the hard rock Become a rock shed or a rocky cliff such as Hor Nang Usa, etc.

Phu Phra Bat is a sandstone hill. in the Phu Phan Noi mountain range at the edge of the western plateau of Udon Thani Sandstone is white, orange, pebbled, grit consists of quartz, chert, red talc. some igneous rocks with traces There are shale and gravel interspersed. It is in the Phu Phan rock unit, Korat series, in the lower - mid-Cretaceous period, or about 90-140 million years ago. The sandstone in the area has outstanding geological features. Because there are different properties in each floor. and has undergone geological erosion by water and wind. Makes the appearance of the landscape that is strange in many areas, such as Hor Nang Usa, Tham Chang, Father Ta's coffin, Thao Baros coffin, Nang Usa coffin, Pho Ta temple, Phra Ku Nang Usa cave, Nang Usa pond. Quail Stone Shed as well as the geological, physical and geological features found in the sandstone. which is a clear stratum or sedimentary rock For example, showing interleaving layers with gravel layers. An oblique-level display showing a change in water flow direction. (Department of Mineral Resources 2009 :38-39)

various shapes formed from sandstone and gravel sand have different texture The highly durable rock layers protrude into rock sheds. or a layer of rock overlaid on top The less durable rock layers will erode. or being eroded or is a concave part under the hard rock Become a rock shed or a rocky cliff such as Hor Nang Usa, etc.

Archaeological Era

era/culture

Archaeological age

Types of archaeological sites

archaeological essence

Nang Usa well looks like a pond on a stone platform amid a raised stone courtyard that resembles a cylindrical base, 0.8 meters high, 5.5 meters in diameter (Pitachai Chatuchai 2010:63) and the side of this well platform has been extracted. It has a rounded shape.

Other archaeological evidence is that it was extracted, decorated and drilled into a well. Specifically, the pond is 2.65 m wide, 2.75 m long, 5 m deep, and the southeast side of the well is extracted into a long trench 0.5 m wide and 8.5 m long.

There is also a chiseled embellishment on the edge and floor beside the well.

Villagers believe that this well is where U-sa comes to wash her body (Archaeology Division 1992:36) or is a well that U-sa's father built for U-sa (Sumit Pitipat 1977:19), according to U-sa folk tales. - Bars And it is said that this well was dug to store water in the dry season for the father-in-law's temple. which will always lack water in the dry season (Phayao Khemnak and Monchan Namthip 1990 :44)

Pitakchai Chatuchai (2010:65) assumed that from the nature of the well that can hold water very well. Nang Usa pond is therefore suitable for the use of water storage for consumption. and open pits from extraction at the edge of the well and on the sides of the well. When considering the plan, it is found that it is a building that is built to cover and is connected between Nang Usa well and the stone shed beside Nang Usa pond. which is probably used as a building for some rituals Therefore, when considering it, it is assumed that Nang Usa well should be made to store water for consumption The age is in the late prehistoric period and the Dvaravati period.