little river stove

Terrain

General Condition

The nature of the area is a plain and a shallow undulating area. which is caused by the deposition of sediments along the river very much There are 3 major rivers flowing through the Chao Phraya River, the Noi River and the Lop Buri River. There are also other rivers, namely Lam Mae La, Lam Ka Rong, Lam Chiang Rak and Lam Pho Chai. There are no mountainous areas and forests and no important minerals.

The Fine Arts Department has created a museum of the Mae Nam Noi furnace. It is a large building connecting two main buildings. The first house is an airy building covering 2 kilns by raising the floor around the kiln so that the audience can walk around and see the kiln. Along the walkway, there is an exhibition that provides a brief overview of the Mae Nam Noi kiln source in both Thai and English. The second building exhibits a model of the Mae Nam Noi kiln. and a number of examples of pottery found in this site.

Characteristics of the furnace is an oblique cooling style, made of bricks. Some parts of the furnace resemble a hood, so it is called a hood. It is divided into 3 parts:the chimney, the pottery room. and fuel room The kiln, which is considered to be large, has a length of 14 meters, a width of 5.60 meters, and a chimney diameter of 2.15 meters. It was used to produce pottery such as jars, basins, mortars, jars, bouquets, and floor tiles, etc.

At present, the Noi River stove is located next to Wat Phra Prang. Ayutthaya period It is about 500 meters west from Mae Nam Noi, 360 meters south of Khlong Nueng right.

Height above mean sea level

Waterway

River Noi, Khlong Nueng right

Archaeological Era

era/culture

Archaeological age

Types of archaeological sites

archaeological essence

The site of the Mae Nam Noi kiln has evidence of the remains of kilns and pottery fragments along the soil surface in an area of ​​about 2 square kilometers. on the west bank of the Noi River Khok Mo Subdistrict, Village No. 7, Choeng Klad Subdistrict, Bang Rachan District Singburi Province There are some large koke-shaped kilns in the area of ​​Wat Phra Prang.

Discovery of the archaeological site of the river kiln area in this area There are many containers such as pots, clay bowls and high mounds. A clay brick surfaced. When the soil was dug out, many bricks were found lined up below. The Fine Arts Department came to explore an archaeological excavation in 1988 around Wat Phra Prang. It looks like 3 large mounds connected together. Found 5 overlapping earthenware kilns made of clay brick hoods. Horizontal heat dissipation type The structure of the furnace is divided into 3 parts:the front part is used as a fuel container with a width of 2.50 meters, a fire wall 5 meters wide, the container in the furnace room is 5.60 meters wide, and the neck of the furnace to the chimney is 2.15 meters wide. The length of the kiln is 16 meters. mainly consists of Pottery with four ears, mortars, jars, mason jars, trumpet jars, pottery used in architecture such as tiles, floating sculptures. Various sizes of clay bullets

Noi River Kiln archaeological site assumed that should have existed since Somdej Phra Nakarindrathirat or Somdej Phra In Racha (Prince Nakhon In) about the year 1952, the reign of King Rama 6 of Ayutthaya. which he had visited China And in those days, there were Chinese pottery craftsmen who came to make a living and made pottery for the court of Ayutthaya as well. When the excavation was completed, the Mae Nam Noi Kiln was organized as an archaeological site. And a large building was built to cover two kilns and a building exhibiting some of the pottery unearthed in this kiln area. Including a building selling souvenirs of this archaeological site. Subsequently, the local government took over the management of the museum building and the sales building. And the Phra Prang Temple has arranged a part of the building, garage, renovated to be a museum building and brought various antiques. come to exhibit and divided into a part of the treasury room Most of which collect pottery types of four-eared jars. architectural assembly Cannonballs of various sizes Overall, the moved building can be divided into 3 parts.

The first part is the area for villagers to do activities such as NNS also came in to manage some computer instruction. Organized some sandalwood production activities

Part 2 exhibits different types of ships. fishing tools because this area of ​​Choeng Klat Subdistrict Near the Noi River, the villagers have a career in farming and also have a career in fishing. Catch fish in the river as well. It also exhibits farming tools. Hand baler codes are called "boxing codes", wagon wheels, rotary rice milling machines, pounding mortars, sugar milling machines that require animal labor. There is also a simulation of a room in an old Thai house on display as well. There are 2 rooms together, which are the bedroom and the kitchen. It consists of a dressing table, a front mirror. clothes storage box As for the kitchen, it's a wood-burning kitchen. There is a pelvic stove, a triangular stove, a rice cooker, a ladle, a ladle, a ladle, used to scoop food.

In the third part is arranged as a storage room. There are 5 rows of handmade shelves, each filled with pottery found from different locations. both inside and outside the temple There are many ear-colored jars. Various sizes of cups Storage boxes made of steel of various sizes. Trumpet jars are available in both coated and uncoated versions. The overall condition of the museum Lack of care for cleanliness and quite narrow.

The Mae Nam Noi stove was built on the same artificial hill as the Ban Koh Noi stove - Pa Yang, but it was usually a single stove. The Ban Koh Noi-Pa Yang stove is a multi-layer stove overlapping on the same hill. Noi River stoves have reached the highest level since there are no overlapping stoves. Except kiln number 1 of Mae Nam Noi kiln source, there is one nested inside one kiln, but the old kiln structure has been dismantled almost completely, leaving some chimneys and side walls. The structure characteristics of most guesses of the Little River, such as the brick arrangement and the floor adjustment are similar. Characteristics of both glazed and unglazed pottery of Mae Nam Noi furnace are likely to be produced to meet the large demands of both domestic and foreign users. Various styles of kilns and pottery such as four-eared jars, two-eared jars, vases, mortars, spouted kettles or sculptures. It is similar to the Ban Ko Noi-Pa Yang stove. This shows that the technology for the production of containers and coatings is likely to have been transferred a lot from the Ban Koh Noi-Pa Yang furnace. rather than bringing technology from China

Furnace number 2 from excavations discovered that It is a heated furnace through obliquely upward. The structure above resembles the arch of a turtle's hump, or the hood of a boat, measuring 24 meters long and 5.60 meters wide, built on a mound of clay reclamation over the remains of an old turtle. Characteristics are construction soil, materials left over from the burning of damaged containers, brick fragments, laterite soil and compacted soil mixed with ash. Construction of furnace number 2 It was dug into the mound from the chimney-fuel chamber and the area in front of the furnace. Adjust the compression into the ground along the slope from the chimney - the fuel chamber. The container room is lined with bricks and plastered with clay on top of about 5 centimeters thick, while the fuel chamber is about 2 meters lower than the container placement area. The sloping surface towards the masonry fire channel. The chimney is made of bricks of sizes 10-12. centimeters, 4-5 centimeters thick

The source of the Noi River stove and the trade in the Ayutthaya period

During the 20th-21st Buddhist century, with the location that controlled the maritime routes, Ayutthaya became a center for trading and exchanging goods with the governing city and leading to foreign trade. Many of the goods were delivered in the form of tribute and tribute and in the form of trade. Most of the products are from the forest. Local products and pottery especially pottery from the Si Satchanalai-Sukhothai kiln field, which has market share apart from Chinese and Vietnamese wares. from archaeological evidence Sangkhalok utensils are found both inside and on the coasts of countries and Asian groups. But the popularity of Sangkhalok ended at the end of the Buddhist century. 21 - Early in the 22nd Buddhist century, making wares from China Vietnam and Japan play an active role in Asia, especially in Ayutthaya, replacing Sangkalok. Until the 24th Buddhist century, Chinese wares were very important and were made to order from Ayutthaya in large numbers.

Production of Sangkhalok utensils has ceased. But there are also local kilns that produce pottery for daily use and packing. The main source of the furnace is Little River Kiln from Japanese documentary evidence China and the Western Countries Talks about trading in the 22nd-23rd Buddhist century with Ayutthaya as the center. Most of the goods are forest, minerals and pottery. Pottery is an important source of kilns. Noi River kiln that produces large pottery jars. which is a container or supports important products Therefore, it can be considered that the Noi River Kiln terracotta containers have been produced mainly for packing products for sale to foreign countries apart from domestic production only.

Exploration and excavation of sunken shipwrecks in the Gulf of Thailand and the wreck of marine ships that were sunk in foreign waters in the ancient trading routes between the 20th-24th Buddhist century, such as the source of navy ships Pattaya boats, deck boats, Sichang boats 1, 2 and 3, tram boats Samui boat site and the Don Hai boat site, Pak Khlong Wan, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province It was found that there was a large four-eared jar. A large number of medium-sized, small four-ear jars, as well as tough earthenware made from the Little River kiln site, sank into the wreckage in large numbers. And in foreign shipwreck sites found medium sized four-ear jars produced from the Mae Nam Noi kiln site, namely

1. Witt Leeuw of the Dutch East India Company sunk off the island of St Helena (St. Helena) in the year 2156

2. The ship site at Seychells Is. in the Indian Ocean to the south of the Arabian Sea. Wrecked in the 22nd century

3. The Portuguese ship Säo Bento sank on the Pondoland Coast of Natal, southeast of Africa. Wrecked in B.E. 2099

4. Dutch ship sites Batavia name It was sunk off the coast of Western Australia in 1734.

5. Vessel Vergulde Draeck was wrecked in B.E. 2199 on the coast of Western Australia

6. The Dutch ship Risdam sank on the Malaysian coast in 1727.

7. A ship named Säo Joao sank at Port Edwards. The coast of Natal in 2095.

8. The ship San Diego (Santiago) sank off the Mozambique coast in 1558 AD. Also found jars made from river Noi kilns along the ancient ports of the Thai-Malaya coastline. Gulf of Thailand such as in Phatthalung Province Nakhon Si Thammarat etc., including Borneo Island, Brunei, four-eared jars coated with dark green water found in the source of sunken ships in the Gulf of Thailand. Found that some leaves are used to contain food made from fish. Contain pine resin or steep powder, contain duck eggs, so it can be said that The four-eared jars and earthenware vessels from the kiln, even the little water found in the sunken ship sites, acted as Containers for packing powder products food or water products It is not a product sent to sell directly. But the rough type of container It is both a direct commodity and acts as a container.