Maliwan Palace

Terrain

General Condition

The ancient site is well maintained. It is now the office of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).

Height above mean sea level

Waterway

Chao Phraya River

Geological conditions

Holocene sediments

Archaeological Era

era/culture

Archaeological age

Types of archaeological sites

archaeological essence

Maliwan Palace is located on the east bank of the Chao Phraya River at Isinthorn Fort. The fortress of Rattanakosin, built since the reign of King Rama I, on the south side, next to Krom Luang Adisorn Udomdej Palace. Next is the palace of Krom Muen Borirak Narintharit (currently the Information Center and Tourism Division Bangkok) and the north side is adjacent to Chao Phrayapong Phiphat Pier. Next is Krom Muen Sathitthamrongsawat Palace. (now called Chao Phraya House) in front of the palace facing the river Behind the palace off Phra Athit Road It is one of the palaces located in the riverside palaces along Phra Athit Road. located outside the city walls starting from under Tha Chang Wang Na, ending to Phra Sumen Fort (The Fine Arts Department 2021)

Originally, the land in the area of ​​the Maliwan Palace belonged to Chao Phraya Maha Yotha (Toria, Torria or Thongchuen Kochaseni), a Mon nobleman who migrated with his father, Chao Phraya Maha Yotha (Jeng Kochaseni) to become loyal to God. Krung Thonburi in the year 1775, where the land in the Maliwan Palace area in those days was the residence of the Mon people. and with Chao Phraya Maha Yotha as the head and the land was passed on as an inheritance to the heir at a later time Her Royal Highness Krom Phra Naresuan Worarit Son of King Rama IV and Chao Chom Mae Klin Born of the Sovereign Mother (who was a direct great-grandson) in 1855, receiving land and Thai houses along the Chao Phraya River around Isinthorn Fort as a gift to the royal child from the very first birth When Prince Krisada Phiniharn (King Boromwongse Krom Phra Naresuan Worarit) entered the Sokan ceremony in 1867 and paid homage to his resignation to sit outside the Grand Palace according to the ancient royal tradition. together with the goddess of smell by coming out to imprint at the palace on the Phra Athit Road.

The buildings at the time of construction consisted of a 2-storey brick and mortar palace with hipped roof, a three-room Thai house of Chao Chom Mae Klin located to the east of the palace, several riverside houseboats, and a female servant house to the north of the palace. As for the house of the lord, the secretary of the department, the secretary of the account, the royal servant, the male servant and the horse barn, the horse garage, and the car garage are in the alley of Wat Chana Songkhram. Penetrating the city wall as a doorway to the palace and houses no longer appear But it is assumed that this former palace is located in the area of ​​the current 4-storey FAO office building (Department of Fine Arts, 2021).

For the palace that appears today It is a palace built while Krom Phra Naresuanrit was 60 years old, having received personal belongings from His Majesty the King. To build a new palace suitable for various receptions by Mr. Erkole Manfredi (Ekrit Munfendi, formerly Ercole Pietro Manfredi, Ercole Pietro Manfredi). Italian architect designed and supervised the construction of the offering until it was completed in 1917 (Department of Fine Arts, 2021). 1915 - 1917)

The appearance of this new palace There are interior decorations in the hall to imitate Khmer art according to His Majesty's wishes. with the idea of ​​visiting Angkor Wat In addition, between the two palaces there is a large iron bird cage as tall as a 2-storey building, with Khao Mor, waterfalls, ponds, and various trees. There are many Karian birds with rabbits. There is also a small steam train for children running on the tracks. Inside the birdcage too

After the death of King Naresuan Worarit in 1925, the land with the palace was under the care of Her Royal Highness Princess Jarunsak Kridakorn The eldest son is the administrator of the estate. which was later presented to His Majesty Offering the sale of land totaling 879 square wa to the royal treasury in 1926 and the Crown Property Bureau has been entrusted to govern and provide benefits since 1937.

Maliwan Palace was abandoned until the beginning of the reign of King Rama VIII, and was used as the residence of the regent and during World War II, the Royal Thai Army Chief of Staff established a Secret Service School at Maliwan House. In January 1936 and later that Mr. Pridi Banomyong was elected as regent. which oversees the Crown Property Bureau As Mr. Pridi is the leader of the Free Thai movement within the country. Therefore, Maliwan House was used as a secret base for the Seri Thai group who smuggled in from abroad. and used a secret attic room as a hiding place and radio contact with the US Secret Service (Department of Fine Arts 2021).

Later, after Thailand became a member of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in a general meeting in 1953, the meeting passed a resolution. to establish a permanent regional office in Bangkok This led to the establishment of an agreement between the FAO and the Thai Government on the establishment of regional offices in Asia and the Far East. (Later renamed to the FAO Office for Asia and the Pacific) whereby the Thai government is responsible for providing the location of the FAO office, the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives therefore requested to rent Maliwan House from the Crown Property Bureau to be the office building. which has been contacted for rent since 1945. Later, the work has been expanded by building a new 4-storey office building on the north side of the palace in 1968 and building a project building on the south side. In 1996, the former palace was organized as a library for researching information on agriculture. Maliwan Palace therefore changed its duty to be an international office since then (Department of Fine Arts, 2021).

Architectural style

Maliwan Palace It is a European-style building, made of brick and mortar, 2 floors, hipped roof. thatched with tiles Inside the Thong Phra Rong building is a large hall. There is a veranda around the ground floor. and a balcony surrounding the upper floor On the ceiling of the hall and along the head of the stucco molding intricately imitate Khmer art. King Naresuanrit visited Angkor Wat in Cambodia before designing and supervising the construction by Mr. Er Kol Manfredi or Mr. Ekrit Munfendi, an Italian architect. which at that time served at the Ministry of Public Works The roof is a manila-style roof with a kite-tiled roof with special decorations on the roof layer. An architectural element known as the lucarne or dormer window, which is a small window opening in the roof, is used to ventilate the sunlight in the attic. The Lugarn looks like a rectangular room protruding from the roof. The room is made of double-pane windows with a roof covering two wings, called a stair-shaped lukarn. The interior of the building is divided into two parts:and part of the residence inside the Phra Rong (the Fine Arts Department 2021)

During the years 2014 - 2015, the Crown Property Bureau carried out conservation work for Maliwan Palace in the Maliwan House building upgrade project. The Crown Property Bureau has hired Peness Choice Testing Company Limited to operate the project (Kannikar Suthiratanapirom 2019)

important archaeological evidence

Maliwan Palace is the residence of King Naresuanrit. The son of King Rama IV and his mother smelled of the building built during the reign of King Rama VI, designed and supervised by Mr. Eucol Manfredi. italian architect It was completed in the year 1917 in the royal palace decorated in imitation of Khmer art according to his wishes. Between the buildings there are gardens, hills, waterfalls, and ponds. When the King died in 1925, Maliwan Palace was the royal treasury. Later, Maliwan Palace is now the office of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

From archaeological excavations, the following important structures were found:

1 . Isinthorn Fort

From the excavations discovered some of the foundations of Isinthorn Fort under the Maliwan Palace building, this foundation was found at a depth of 140 centimeters from the soil surface, forming a brick line. The bricks used are 15x30x5 centimeters, with wooden posts 3 - 4 inches in diameter, arranged parallel to each other along the bricks on both sides. By pinning in pairs to prevent soil from moving.

2 . ancient street outside the city wall

The ancient road found under the royal palace is a brick road built on both sides parallel to the city wall. The road surface is masonry with a thickness of 1 layer, the lower brick is supported by broken bricks, approximately 45 cm thick. The curb is made of 4-5 layers of bricks.

The ancient road found parallel to the outer city wall is presumed to be a road outside the city wall that existed from the time the fort and city wall were built in the reign of King Rama I.