In 1971 India and Pakistan were at war with each other once again. At that time, the main naval base of the Pakistani navy was Karachi, which was the main port and commercial center of the country. Consequently, the security of Karachi was an absolute priority for the Pakistanis. On 23 November 1
In late February 2000 Russian armed forces attempted to surround and destroy a strong force of Chechen rebels retreating from the Chechen capital of Grozny. The rebels had captured Grozny, humiliating Russia. In fact, the rebels managed to escape from the city unmolested. It was a matter of prestige
Ένα νέο σημαντικό βιβλίο του Καναδού ιστορικού Τίμοθι Γουάινγκαρντ του Πανεπιστημίου MESA του Κολοράντο, με τίτλο «Κουνούπι:Μια ανθρώπινη ιστορία του πιο φονικού θηρευτή μας» (εκδόσεις Dutton 2019), παρουσιάζει αναλυτικά την συχνά κρυφή αλλά μεγάλη επίπτωση που είχαν στην ανθρώπινη ιστορία οι διάφορ
Η Ασπίντζα είναι μια μικρή πόλη στη νοτιοδυτική Γεωργία με περίπου 2.800 κατοίκους σήμερα. Το 1769 η Ρωσική και η Οθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία πολεμούσαν μεταξύ τους για μια ακόμα φορά. Η τσαρίνα Αικατερίνη η (λεγόμενη) Μεγάλη και οι σύμβουλοί της, σκέφτηκαν να ανοίξουν νέα μέτωπα κατά των Τούρκων. Έν
Operation Python was the second and catalytic blow of the Indian navy against the Pakistani counterpart during the Second Indo-Pakistani War in 1971. It was the final blow both materially and especially morally against the Pakistanis who they did not dare to go out to sea again... On December 4,
A battle beyond the forces involved in it is primarily the conflict of wills of rival administrations. It is what is often overlooked by some who dream of peoples armies, the value of command imposing its will on the enemy, disorienting and overwhelming him even if he is outnumbered and outgunned.
The German armored cruiser SMS Scharnhorst was the flagship of the German East Asia Squadron, under the command of Vice-Admiral Maximilian Graf von Spee. It sank with more than 800 sailors, including the admiral himself. According to the head of the research mission, the moment of discovery of the w
Before the German invasion of the USSR, Odessa, built between the ancient Greek cities of Tyra and Olbia, was and is one of the largest and most important cities of the Black Sea. When, after the German invasion, the city was conquered by the Romanians, about 90,000 Jews remained in it. The Roma
Sometimes one feels that ones fate is decided. He knows when the moment has come, the peak of life or its end. In the bloody trenches of World War I, many soldiers had acquired what we call a sixth sense, anticipating the good or evil that was about to find them and preparing themselves and their lo
Τον Απρίλιο του 1917 ο γαλλικός στρατός εξαπέλυσε την μεγαλύτερη έως τότε επίθεσή στο Δυτικό Μέτωπο. Η επίθεση, βάσει των σχεδιασμών του στρατηγού εμπνευστή της θα διασπούσε ολοκληρωτικά το γερμανικό μέτωπο και θα έφερνε τη νίκη. Δυστυχώς για τον εν λόγω στρατηγό το μόνο που η επίθεσή πέτυχε ήταν να
Ο Ρώσος στρατηγός Σουχομλίνοφ υπήρξε ένας από τους βασικούς παράγοντες της τραγικής προετοιμασίας του ρωσικού στρατού πριν τον Α’ Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο. Μωροφιλόδοξος και αρχομανής, δουλοπρεπής και άνθρωπος της ίντριγκας, έρμαιο των παθών του και εχθρός κάθε εκσυγχρονιστικής ιδέας, ήταν υπεύθυνος για δεκ
The Battle of Stalupenen, on August 17, 1914, was a foretaste of the devastating defeats the Russian army was to suffer from its German counterpart in World War I. Στο Στάλουπένεν οι πολύ λιγότεροι Γερμανοί, υπό τον καθόλα άξιο στρατηγό φον Φρανσουά, σταμάτησαν, με λιγότερες από δύο μεραρχίες, μια ο
At the end of 1915 on the Eastern Front the Austrians, with German help, had pushed the Russians deep into Poland and Galicia (western Ukraine). The Russian army had suffered terrible losses. Tsar Nicholas II who had personally, in theory, assumed command of his army but this did not have any seriou
The infamous Grigory Rasputin was born in 1869 in Siberia. He was the son of a farming family. He probably did not receive any, not even elementary, education. On the contrary, from an early age he was involved in petty theft, drunkenness and other debauchery. At the age of just 18, he got married.
Hermann Bix served in the 4th Panzer Division (MPa). He was one of the successful tank crew chiefs of the German army. But his best moment was on March 22, 1945, when the war was effectively decided. Bix was born in Silesia in 1914. He enlisted in the army in 1935. In 1941 he found himself with the
Τον Οκτώβριο του 1973 οι αραβικές χώρες επιτέθηκαν αιφνιδιαστικά κατά του Ισραήλ την ημέρα της εορτής του Γιομ Κιπούρ. Το Ισραήλ πιέστηκε ιδιαίτερα και προσπάθησε να αντιδράσει και κατά θάλασσα. Οι Ισραηλινοί αποφάσισαν να «καθαρίσουν» τη Μεσόγειο από την απειλή του συριακού ναυτικού. Υπό την ηγ
Η Yokosuka MXY7 Oka (ανθός κερασιάς) ήταν η ιαπωνική ιπτάμενη βόμβα. Αντίθετα όμως με τη γερμανική V1η Oka κατευθυνόταν προς τον στόχο από πιλότο καμικάζι. Η Oka πέταξε για πρώτη φορά τον Νοέμβριο του 1944. Εντάχθηκε σε υπηρεσία στις αρχές του 1945 και συνολικά κατασκευάστηκαν 852. Ανέπτυσσε μέγ
«Η Λεπτή Κόκκινη Γραμμή» αποτελεί έναν από τους θρύλους της ιστορίας των πολέμων. Αν και προϋπήρχε του γεγονότος που γέννησε τον θρύλο, εντούτοις ήταν σε μια συγκεκριμένη περίπτωση που ο αληθής θρύλος άνθισε. Το 1854 ο Κριμαϊκός Πόλεμος βρισκόταν σε πλήρη εξέλιξη. Στις 25 Οκτωβρίου Βρετανοί, Γάλ
After Czechoslovakia disappeared from the map, the Polish border was also threatened from the South by the Germans and their allies. So in April 1939 the Polish administration decided to create a fortified zone in the area. The plan provided for the construction of 20 small machine guns – patrols (f
There has always been a belief that women are more peaceful than men, and therefore less prone to start wars, in the event that they hold power. 400 years of European History, however, confirm the opposite. Specifically, according to recent research from the University of Chicago, which covered t
The system of water falling from a perforated tank was invented at the end of the 18th century • WIKIMEDIA COMMONS In 18th Europe century, the wealthy classes are increasingly concerned about hygiene, both that of cities and that of people. The bath becomes a habitual practice, for the sake of c
John Churchill, known as Mad Jack, was a distinctive figure of World War II who marched into battle with a bagpipe, a Scotch sword and a longbow, a characteristic weapon, the latter, of English archers in the Middle Ages. But was what was said about him true or a legend created by the British to rai
Conceived as a scientific method of rational organization of work, Taylorism spread in capitalist industry from the end of the 19th century. By Tales PintoThe Industrial Revolution had as one of its consequences the profound transformation in the form of economic and social organization in the plac
The Stalinism is the name given to the totalitarian regime built by Josef Stalin in the Soviet Union (USSR), between 1927 and 1953. Josef Stalin was a member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and, after taking power, carried out radical transformations and imposed a regime of terror