Deodoro da Fonseca he was military, political and the first President of the country through his participation in the republican coup d'état, in 1889. In this way, Brazil entered a new political regime, initiating the phase known as “Brasil República ”.
After the Proclamation of the Republic, Marechal Deodoro established the National Constituent Congress that drafted the firstRepublican Constitution.
Deodoro da Fonseca was the first president of Brazil
Biography
Manuel Deodoro da Fonseca was born on August 5, 1827, in Vila Madalena de Samaúna (AL). He was the son of Manuel Mendes da Fonseca (1785-1859) and Rosa Maria Paulina da Fonseca (1802-1873).
His father was in the military and influenced all of his children, who followed military and political careers. Unsurprisingly, at age 16 Deodoro da Fonseca entered the Colégio Militar do Rio de Janeiro, where he studied Artillery until 1847. He later entered politics.
He participated in the Praieira Revolution, the Paraguayan War and the Siege of Montevideo, being the leader of the Army's anti-slavery movement. In 1860, at the age of 33, he married Mariana Cecília de Sousa Meireles, however, they never had children.
In addition to military, he pursued a political career being president of the province of Rio Grande do Sul.
He died on August 23, 1892, in the municipality of Barra Mansa, in Rio de Janeiro, a victim of respiratory problems.
Government of Deodoro da Fonseca
Deodoro proclaimed the republic on November 15, 1889, alongside republicans and military personnel. He thus established a new regime in the country:the Presidential Republic .
As the country passed from a monarchical government to a republican regime, the government of Marechal Deodoro faced moments of political and economic instability.
He ruled until the year 1891, when he resigned from his position, on November 23, 1891, due to serious economic problems (Encilhamento, speculation, inflation, bankruptcy of banks, companies, etc.).
It also faced political conflicts such as the centralization of power, the closing of the National Congress, censorship and authoritarianism.
The presidency was assumed by the vice president, the soldier Floriano Peixoto, who ruled from 1891 to 1894. Together, the government of Deodoro and Floriano formed the period that became known as the República da Espada (1889-1894).
Want to know more? Read the articles:
- First Republic
- Brazil Republic,
- Causes of the Independence of Brazil;
- Republic of the Sword
- Proclamation of the Republic.