The figure of the merchant in the Middle Ages is one of the most important, especially in the period after the Commercial Renaissance. By Me. Cláudio FernandesIn the context of the Low Middle Ages, one of the outstanding events was the Commercial Renaissance in Europe, which took place between th
The manufacture of stained glass windows was incorporated into the architecture of the Late Middle Ages because the structure of the churches of the time required huge glass windows. By Rainer Sousa The use of glass has been around for a long time in human history. Already in antiquity, the Egyptia
By Demercino Junior The Crusades were expeditions organized by the Catholic Church during the Middle Ages, with the aim of retaking Jerusalem and spreading Christianity. One passage that world historiography has not covered very closely was the Childrens Crusade. Perhaps for lack of sources or for n
The Holy Grail was one of the most popular legends of the Middle Ages and made reference to the supposed cup used by Jesus during the Last Supper. The Holy Grail is the name of one of the main legends from the Middle Ages period and refers to the cup used by Jesus Christ during the Last Supper . Th
Little is known about the way of dressing of the ancients, but through inscribed drawings, paintings on vases, walls and statues one can get an idea. The Egyptians wore only white clothes indicating power and wealth. Only the wealthy of the upper class were able to dress and this privilege was onl
The great fire of the city of Rome, which took place on the night of July 18, 64. By Rainer Sousa The greatfire from the city ofRome , which took place on the night of July 18, 64, appears as one of the most famous and instigating crimes of all antiquity. After all, living in a time of splendor and
Pompeii In the 7th century BC, the city of Pompeii was founded. The city was influenced by the Greek and Etruscan civilizations that dominated the southern region of Italy. In the 4th century BC the city was heavily urbanized by the Samnites. Between 27 AD. and 37 AD, the city experienced its he
Parchment is a surface, produced from the skin of animals, that was used for writing. It was created in Pergamum, a city in Asia Minor, in the 2nd century BC. The scroll it is a surface that was used for writing, being very popular in part of the Ancient Age and the Middle Ages. It was produced fro
Papyrus is a very common plant in Egypt that was used to produce a sheet that served as a surface for the ancient Egyptians to write on. The papyrus is a plant that was found in abundance in Egypt and was used in the manufacture of different items, such as papyrus leaves, used for writing. Papyrus
The Egyptians, who were polytheists and believed in the afterlife, invented mummification to preserve the body until the spirit returned. By Demercino Junior Polytheism is understood to be the belief in multiple gods. The Egyptians, polytheistic peoples, believed in eternal life after death, in whi
How were complicated deliveries performed before the invention of the cesarean? This is a question that history can answer. For many centuries, labor was the last great mystery to mark the process of a womans gestation. From the beginning of the pregnancy, both the mother-to-be and her family hoped
Mesopotamia was home to part of humanitys first civilizations . The presence in his region of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers was fundamental for man, from the development of agriculture and animal husbandry, to settle down and form cities in that place. Diverse people inhabited Mesopotamia during A
3100a.C. King Menes unified Lower and Upper Egypt and formed one of the worlds first national governments. 3000a.C. Sumerian cuneiform writings began the record of Middle Eastern history. 2500a.C. The Indus Valley civilization began in the cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-daro in Pakistan. 2300a.
By Rainer Sousa Even today, we can see that many scholars spend their efforts to elucidate other perspectives that reshape the narrative of the biblical text. Whatever their intentions, we notice that from time to time unpublished research calls into question the validity of certain stories that not
The Germanic invasions resulted in the process of disintegration of the Roman Empire from the 5th century onwards and the mixing of Latin culture with Germanic culture. The Germanic invasions during the 4th and 5th centuries they precipitated the process of disaggregation of the Roman Empire . In t
The institutions of the Roman Republic, such as the senate and magistracies, ruled for centuries the most powerful city-state in antiquity. By Me. Cláudio FernandesThe city of Rome , founded by the Latin peoples in the region of Lazio, in the Italian Peninsula, during almost the entire 7th century
Roman Empire is the designation of the last period of the history of the Roman Civilization, although this term is used frequently and generically to refer to the whole historical experience of Rome. This last phase of Roman history is understood as an empire that began in 27 BC, with the coronation
Expansion The Portuguese were the first in the European overseas expansion, at the beginning of the 15th century in the reign of D. João I. The sea voyages were strategic to point out the alternative route to the Indies, previously explored through the Mediterranean, then dominated by the Italian
Hellenism is understood to mean the period of dominance of Greek culture in the ancient world that followed the death of Emperor Alexander the Great. By Me. Cláudio FernandesThe concept of Helenism was first used by the German historian Johann Gustav Droysen (1808-1884) to characterize the process
Sphinx was a mythological being present in several cultures of Antiquity. For the Egyptians, it served as a guardian, and for the Greeks, it was a monster that devoured men. The sphinx was a mythological being present in several cultures of antiquity. The Egyptians believed that sphinxes were spir
The Ubud-Vanar-Forest, located in Padangtegal village of Bali island, is located in an area of about 12 hectares, in which about 700 monkeys with red mouth, relatively small physique and large white colored moustache reside. It is one of the oldest forests in the world and 186 species of trees hav
On May 10, 1796 (21 Floréal, Year IV), the battle of the Lodi bridge pitted General Bonapartes army in Italy against the coalition armies commanded by General Sebottendorf, for the capture of the Lodi bridge over the Adda. It victoriously concludes the second part of the Italian campaign. Campaign b
But the superiority of the Wehrmacht was not only quantitative:it was ready for aggression. His troops were concentrated in compact groupings that had everything necessary for operations. The soldiers and officers had combat experience, they had been to the school of fire in the west and in the sout
The followers of Jesus were first identified as “Christians”, that is to say as a messianic movement of Judaism, before being perceived as an independent religion in 64, during the fire of Rome. Its invention is attributed to Paul, evangelizer of non-Jews in the 1950s and long considered the initiat