1. Iron Plows: Iron plows were developed in China during the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD). They were more efficient in breaking hard soil compared to wooden plows and allowed farmers to cultivate larger areas.
2. Double-Wheeled Plow: The double-wheeled plow, also known as the "swing plow," was invented in China during the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD). It had two wheels that helped regulate the plow's depth and made it easier for farmers to control.
3. Seed Drills: Seed drills, which aided in precise seed planting, were developed in China during the Song Dynasty (960-1279 AD). They reduced seed wastage and improved crop yields.
4. Water-Raising Devices: Various water-raising devices were invented in the East to facilitate irrigation. Examples include the Archimedes screw, developed in ancient Greece (which eventually spread to Asia), and various waterwheels. These devices made it possible to access and distribute water more effectively for agricultural purposes.
5. Sickles: Sickles were developed in different regions of the East, including ancient Egypt, China, and India. They were used for harvesting crops, such as wheat and barley.
6. Threshing Tools: Threshing tools were used to separate grains from the stalks after harvesting. Various devices were developed, such as threshing sledges, flails, and winnowing baskets, which improved the efficiency of grain processing.
7. Hoes: Hoes were widely used in East Asia for a variety of tasks, including tilling the soil, weeding, and hilling up plants.
These tools, along with other innovations in agricultural technology, contributed significantly to the development of agriculture and food production in East Asia, allowing for increased crop yields and improved agricultural productivity.