Ancient history

What did Egyptians do when their pharaoh dies?

Mourning and Lamentation

- Upon the death of a pharaoh, the entire kingdom would enter a state of deep mourning.

- Egyptians would shave their heads and bodies, wear sackcloth, and engage in public displays of grief.

- Professional mourners, known as "weepers," would be hired to participate in elaborate lamentation rituals.

- Priests would lead the funerary procession and perform rituals to guide the pharaoh's soul into the afterlife.

Embalming and Mummification

- The body of the deceased pharaoh would undergo an extensive embalming process to prepare it for burial.

- The internal organs were carefully removed and stored separately in canopic jars.

- The body was then dried, wrapped in linen bandages, and coated with resin to prevent decomposition.

- The entire process could take several months to complete.

Tomb Construction and Burial

- While the pharaoh's body was being embalmed, skilled artisans would work tirelessly to construct the pharaoh's tomb, often a pyramid or rock-cut tomb.

- The tomb was designed to protect the pharaoh's body and provide him with all the necessary provisions for the afterlife.

- The burial ceremony was a grand affair attended by high-ranking officials, priests, and members of the royal family.

- The pharaoh's body was placed in a sarcophagus within the tomb, along with treasures, food offerings, and other valuable possessions.

Religious Beliefs

- Egyptians believed that the pharaoh was a divine ruler and would continue to exercise authority in the afterlife.

- The purpose of the elaborate burial rituals and tomb construction was to ensure the pharaoh's safe passage into the afterlife and his continued well-being.

- The pyramids were believed to represent the pharaoh's connection to the gods and to facilitate his ascent into the heavens.

Role of Priests

- Priests played a crucial role in all aspects of the funerary process.

- They performed the embalming rituals, led the funeral procession, and conducted religious ceremonies to aid the pharaoh's transition into the afterlife.

- Priests also continued to serve the deceased pharaoh in the afterlife by performing daily rituals and making offerings in the tomb.