1. Submission and Peace Terms:
- The conquered people were expected to submit to Roman authority and accept the terms of peace imposed by the Roman Republic. These terms often included agreements to pay tribute, provide military support, and accept Roman governance or indirect control.
2. Military Presence:
- To ensure compliance and maintain control, the Romans would often establish a garrison or military presence in the conquered territory. Roman soldiers and officials would be stationed there to maintain order and collect tribute.
3. Assimilation and Romanization:
- The Roman Republic actively pursued a policy of assimilation, aiming to incorporate conquered peoples into Roman culture and society. They encouraged the adoption of Roman customs, language, laws, and religion. Roman citizenship might be extended to the elites or granted gradually to entire communities over time.
4. Governance and Administration:
- Depending on the level of autonomy given to the conquered people, the Romans might establish various forms of governance. In some cases, the existing local elites were allowed to continue administering the territory, while in others, Roman governors were directly appointed to oversee the administration.
5. Infrastructure Development:
- The Roman Republic often invested in infrastructure projects in conquered territories. These could include the construction of roads, aqueducts, public buildings, and architectural monuments. Such developments not only facilitated trade and transportation but also symbolized Roman authority.
6. Economic Integration:
- The conquered territories were integrated into the wider Roman economic network. Trade agreements were made, and the conquered regions might become sources of resources, agricultural goods, or raw materials for the Roman economy.
7. Cultural Exchange:
- The interaction between Roman and local cultures led to a cultural exchange. Some aspects of conquered civilizations might be adopted by the Romans, while Roman customs, art, and philosophy influenced the conquered peoples.
8. Civic and Social Changes:
- Depending on the status granted to the conquered people, they might acquire various rights and privileges. Roman citizenship, for some individuals or communities, could lead to increased social and political opportunities within the Roman Republic.
9. Resistance and Revolts:
- Not all conquered peoples accepted Roman rule willingly, and some might resist or revolt against Roman control. The Romans dealt with these challenges through military campaigns, diplomacy, or a combination of both.
It's important to note that the specific actions taken by the Roman Republic after conquering a neighboring land could vary depending on factors such as the level of resistance, the strategic importance of the territory, and the overall policies and goals of the Roman government at the time.