1. Venationes (Hunts): These were hunting spectacles where animals were released into the arena. Gladiators, often skilled hunters, would pursue and kill these animals using spears, nets, and other weapons. Animals used in venationes included lions, tigers, elephants, bears, panthers, bulls, rhinoceroses, crocodiles, hippopotamuses, giraffes, ostriches, and many more exotic species.
2. Animal Fights: Gladiators sometimes fought against animals in specialized contests called venatio ad bestias ("hunt against beasts"). These fights served to both entertain and showcase the courage and strength of gladiators.
3. Executions: In certain instances, criminals or prisoners sentenced to death were thrown into the arena to be killed by animals as a means of capital punishment.
4. Spectacles: Animals were paraded during grand processions that occurred before or during games to generate excitement and awe among the spectators.
5. Religious Ceremonies: Some animals held religious significance and were featured in specific religious rituals or sacred ceremonies held in the Colosseum.
6. Exhibitions: Animals might be presented simply for exhibition as part of an impressive display of the vast and exotic fauna known to the Roman Empire.
Animal hunts and exhibitions in the Colosseum were intended to showcase the grandeur and power of Rome, satisfy the thirst for entertainment among the public, and demonstrate control over the natural world. However, these practices today are widely viewed as examples of animal cruelty and are no longer permissible or acceptable.