* Geography: The mountainous terrain of Greece, with its many valleys and cliffs, led to the development of different architectural styles in different regions. For example, the Peloponnese, with its more rugged terrain, saw the development of more massive and fortified structures, while Attica, with its more gentle terrain, saw the development of more graceful and elegant buildings.
* Climate: The Mediterranean climate of Greece, with its hot summers and mild winters, encouraged the development of outdoor living spaces. This led to the creation of large courtyards, verandas, and terraces, as well as the use of large windows and doors to allow for natural ventilation.
* Materials: The materials available in Greece, such as limestone, marble, and timber, influenced the construction of Greek buildings. Limestone was the most common building material, and was used for everything from large temples to small houses. Marble was also used, but was more expensive and was therefore reserved for more important buildings, such as temples and government buildings. Timber was used for roofing and floors.
* Cultural factors: Ancient Greek culture was heavily influenced by religion, philosophy, and art, and these influences were reflected in Greek architecture. Temples were the most important religious buildings, and were typically built in a Doric, Ionic, or Corinthian style. Public buildings, such as theaters and assembly halls, were also important, and were typically built in a more utilitarian style. Private houses were typically built in a simple, unadorned style.
Ancient Greek architecture was also influenced by other cultures, such as the Egyptians, Persians, and Romans. For example, the Doric order of architecture is thought to have been influenced by Egyptian architecture, while the Ionic order is thought to have been influenced by Persian architecture. The Corinthian order, the latest of the three orders, is thought to have been developed by the Greeks themselves.
Ancient Greek architecture was a major achievement, and had a profound influence on later architecture. The principles of Greek architecture were adopted by the Romans, the Byzantines, and the Renaissance architects, and can still be seen in architecture today.