- Geographical conditions: The Vikings were skilled navigators who were able to sail in harsh conditions. They used their knowledge of the currents, winds, and tides to their advantage, and they were able to navigate by the stars and the sun.
-Navigation techniques: Viking explorers used various navigation techniques, such as the sun compass and the lodestone compass, to help them navigate their way around the open sea. They also relied on their knowledge of the stars and the coastline to help them stay on course.
-Trade routes: The Vikings were also traders, and their exploration routes were often influenced by the desire to find new trade partners. They established trade routes with various regions, including the British Isles, the Mediterranean, and the Middle East.
-Colonization: The Vikings were also colonizers, and their exploration routes were often influenced by the desire to find new lands to settle in. They established colonies in various regions, including Iceland, Greenland, and Vinland (North America).
-Cultural curiosity and adventure: The Vikings were also driven by a sense of curiosity and adventure, which led them to explore new and uncharted territories. They were fascinated by the unknown, and they were eager to learn about new cultures and lands.