1. Hold Land and Property:
- Right to own extensive lands and property.
- Collect taxes and rents from peasants living on their estates.
2. Economic Privilege:
- Exemption from paying taxes or tariffs.
- Monopolies over certain products or services.
3. Legal & Political Rights:
- Could serve as judges in local courts.
- Possessed rights to trial by peers in cases of legal disputes.
- Influence over local and national politics.
- Were summoned to parliaments and lawmaking assemblies.
4. Military Service:
- Participation in military campaigns was considered an obligation.
- Noblemen could raise and command their armies.
- Control over fortified castles and military garrisons.
5. Feudal Rights:
- Right to collect feudal dues from their vassals (subordinate nobles).
- Command military support from vassals in times of conflict.
6. Social Privileges:
- Noblewomen had enhanced status and could own lands in their names.
- Noblemen held hereditary titles like lord, baron, count, and duke.
- Right to wear luxurious clothing and display extravagant wealth.
- Reserved seating in churches and official ceremonies.
7. Inheritance:
- Noble titles passed down through the male lineage, ensuring continuity.
- Noblewomen could inherit and pass down certain property rights.
8. Tax Collection:
- Some nobles had the right to collect taxes from their lands.
9. Hunting Rights:
- Exclusive right to hunt in royal or noble forests.
10. Justice Administration:
- Administer justice in their territories.
11. Education and Leisure:
- Access to education and cultural pursuits such as patronizing the arts.
12. Religious Influence:
- Founded monasteries, churches, and religious orders.
While noble rights brought significant privileges, they also came with responsibilities, including providing protection and justice to those living within their domains. Despite variations across regions and time periods, these rights established the elite status of nobles and shaped the social structure of medieval societies.