The Timurids or Timurids (in Persian:Teymouriān) are the descendants of Tamerlane who, between internal and external struggles and some periods of stability, governed his empire from 1405 to 1507, when it fell into the hands of the Uzbeks of the Chaybanid dynasty , descendants of Genghis Khan. Like their ancestor, they bore the title of Grand Emir.
They initiated a brilliant artistic and cultural era called the Timurid Renaissance, whose two flagships were Herat and Samarkand. Three notable personalities were:
* Oulough Beg, governor of Samarkand attached to his father Shah Rukh who reigned in Herat from 1409 to 1447, then grand emir from 1447 to 1449, was a remarkable astronomer.
* Husayn Bayqara, Grand Emir installed in Herat from 1469 to 1506, was a great patron and gave work to the Persian poet and mystic Djami, the Turkish poet Mir Alisher Navoi and the painter Behzad, grand master of Persian miniature.
* Babur, son of Omar Cheikh II, governor of Ferghana at the age of 11, settled in Kabul in 1504 during the advance of the Chaybanids and, from there, conquered North India in 1526 where he founded the dynasty of Mughals.
List of Timurids
* 1369-1405:Tamerlane
* 1405-1409:Khalil Sultan
* 1409-1447:Shah Rukh
* 1447-1449:Ulugh Beg
* 1449-1450:Abd ul-Latif
* 1450-1451:Abdullah
* 1452-1457:Babur Mirza (in Khorassan)
* 1452-1469:Abu Said Mirza
* 1469-1494:Ahmed Sultan (in Samarkand)
* 1469-1494:Omar Sheikh II (in Ferghana)
* 1469-1506:Husayn Bayqara
* 1494-1495:Mahmud Sultan (in Samarkand)
* 1494-1504:Bâbur (in Ferghana), then king of Kabul (1504-1526) and first of the Mughals of India (1526-1530)
* 1495-1499:Masud Sultan (in Samarkand)
* 1495-1499:Baysunghur II (in Samarkand)
* 1498-1500:Ali Sultan (in Samarkand)
* 1506-1507:Badi az-Zaman
Tamerlan's four sons were:Jahangir (died 1376), Omar Sheikh I (died 1391), Miran Shah (went mad, died 1408) and Shah Rukh.