Italian judge Ferdinando Imposimato was investigating the attack on the Pope. He discovered the so-called Bulgarian path leading towards Moscow. The communist secret services conducted a disinformation campaign aimed at diverting attention from the Bulgarian trail. “A slim, discreetly elegantly
The action at Bezdanami, where a group of fighters led by Piłsudski attacked a train carrying hundreds of thousands of rubles, has gone down in history. It was, however, an emergency. Something much bigger was planned before. In 1907, the revolution against tsarism ended, and the socialist milit
His books appear on almost every list of the 100 greatest works of world literature. He himself came from a Polish family, but everyone knows him under a foreign name. Did this genius writer not want to be Polish? Józef Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski, better known to the world as Joseph Conrad, was
A minor mistake, a seemingly trivial wrong decision, is enough to lose the chance of success. These footballers learned about it extremely painfully. Some fell from the very top, others did not even have time to spread their wings. They have one thing in common - they lost their careers. Why did the
This theory, although formulated almost two decades ago, still fires the imagination. According to the respected archaeologist, 70 years after being baptized by Mieszko, the inhabitants of Wrocław rejected Christianity and built a magnificent temple in honor of the old gods. Was this really the case
Did the Slavs have an organized system of religious beliefs? What did their temples look like and did they even exist? What was the heart of their religious system - pantheon of gods or magic rituals? You will find the answer to these and many other questions in the book by Dariusz Sikorski. Sla
The decision came from the Commander himself. Piłsudski clearly wished his brain to be taken out, immersed in formalin and ... what he had repeated ad nauseam for fifteen years was proven. Józef Piłsudski was a megalomaniac. Only that a megalomaniac… enlightened. He argued that his outstanding a
The life of Jakub Frank would fit into a film script. This self-proclaimed prophet professed four religions, healed, promised immortality and ... organized orgies. Thanks to his cleverness and the gift of persuasion, he won the favor of the Catholic bishops, the Polish king, and even the Empress of
Concentration camps. Siberian wastelands. Guarded fortresses. For centuries, Poles managed to escape from places where others wrung their hands. Are there any prisons they cannot escape from? Trapped and undefeated. They escaped from camps or prisons, from where often no one even tried to escape
Six million murdered Polish citizens. Villages and cities burned and razed to the ground. Plundered property and works of art worth tens of billions of zlotys. This is what the Balance of Injuries inflicted on Poles by German criminals looks like. They argued that they would bring order to peopl
Unlike his predecessors and successors, this one king did not hide from his premarital adventures. He was still in touch with the former concubine. And he made the son a bishop. Jan was born in 1499 as the firstborn child of Zygmunt Jagiellończyk (better known as Zygmunt the Old ) and his many
The recommendations were issued a few months before the war broke out, but nobody made sure that they were implemented. Real work started on the eve of the expected invasion. And the stake was the entire legacy of Polish culture. In the spring of 1939, in an atmosphere of war threat, Dr. Władysł
The famous chronicler spoke about the pagan beliefs of Poles in amazing detail. He reconstructed the composition of the entire Polish Olimp. But can the news of Jan Długosz be trusted? Jan Długosz, who created in the second half of the 15th century, i.e. at the very end of the Middle Ages, in hi
Debauchery. Violence. Contempt. Belonging to the powerful Jagiellonian dynasty had many advantages, but also caused embarrassment. We will prove it to you in 7 points. As always, all rankings are based on our published articles. This time, we have selected texts that show that also members of th
To this day, we feel the effects of one of the greatest plunder in Polish history. To see priceless relics of our history, you have to go overseas. In the years 1655-1660, a large part of Poland was under Swedish occupation. Its lands were to be used, inter alia, for the economic support of Karol
The plan of the Polish command assumed the liberation of Polish lands just before the Red Army entered them. They wanted the Home Army units to act as hosts against the Soviets. In practice, Operation Tempest turned out to be much more difficult. And the meeting with the Red Army soldiers - unforget
During the war, the issue of food grew to the rank of a gigantic problem. In order to help at least a little, city dwellers turned empty plots of land, parks, squares and their own balconies into gardens. It wasnt that simple with home animal husbandry. In order to secure a source of meat, peopl
He killed informers, agents and Nazi officers on whom the Home Army issued a death sentence. It was not easy for us to execute sentences, he admits years later. What actions does she remember best? Did his hand never tremble, even when a beautiful woman was his target? Witalis Skorupka, aka Orze
This woman went through hell for love. The only fault of her and her lover was that they did not want to live in a communist country and were ready to fight for it. When they had taken her lover, she had nothing left but the tiny life that she was secretly carrying under her heart. The story of
The life of people associated with the independence underground in communist Poland was not all roses. Death lurked around every corner. Was it possible to love in times like this? The story of Anastazja and Pilot, the heroes of the book Żona Wyklęta, which is a prize in our competition, proves that
HIPPERCHUS OF THE FIGHT OF PALIGENESIA, says the bust of the warlord Hatzimichalis Dalianis, in the garden of heroes, in Delvinaki of Ioannina, which bowed to his heroism and his struggle, for the liberation of slavery from the Ottomans Homeland. The hero was born in 1775 in Delvinaki Pogoni in the
Fernando VI died on August 10, 1759, opening the doors to the reign of Carlos III (1759-1788), who arrived in Madrid in December. Considered by most historians as the most active period of the 18th century in the application of the enlightened despotism model, the monarch personally dedicated himsel
After the assassination of Emperor Commodus, Publius Helvius Pertinax, who was escorted by the Roman Guards, was also assassinated by the Guards, and in an unprecedented outrage that the next emperor was auctioned. As a result, Didius Julianus was elected emperor, but the governors of each provi
Poseidon was the Greek god of the seas and rivers and considered a cause of catastrophe. His cult is believed to have originated in the Pre-Homeric period. Poseidon he was one of the most important gods present in the religiosity of the ancient Greeks. The Greeks considered him the god of the seas